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Abstract

Rapid industrialization and modernization have introduced substantial amounts of toxic heavy metals into the aquatic and terrestrial environment which possess a severe threat to flora and fauna. In recent years, considerable research work has been done and is currently underway on some natural biopolymers and their modifications to remove different kinds of heavy metal ions. Chitosan and cellulose, both naturally occurring polysaccharides are the most effective adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. This review is aimed to provide relevant and recent information on the application of chitosan, cellulose and their respective derivatives for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions. INTRODUCTION:Majority of industries and mainly the mining operations, tanneries, and metal plating play a vital role in contaminating the environment with heavy metals 1 . Heavy metals particularly mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) have lethal effects on all forms of life even at low concentrations. Various methods including chemical precipitation 2 , nanofiltration 3 , solvent extraction 4 , ion exchange 5 , reverse osmosis 6, and adsorption 7 have been extensively studied in recent decade to decontaminate the polluted waters. Out of all these methods, adsorption is particularly attracting scientific focus mainly because of its high efficiency, low cost, easy handling and high availability of different adsorbents.

PENYISIHAN LOGAM Cr LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI ELEKTROPLATING MENGGUNAKAN BIONANOMATERIAL CHITOSAN LIMBAH CANGKANG KULIT UDANG

“…Untuk memperoleh chitosan dengan kapasitas adsorpsi yang tinggi maka perlu melalui fisika atau kimia proses. Proses ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan reaktivitas polimer dan untuk mencapai reaksi kinetik (Mudasir Ahmad, Shakeel Ahmed, 2015;Wan Ngah et al, 2011). Chitosan dalam bentuk nanopartikel bersifat netral, tidak toksik, memiliki stabilitas yang konstan, dan kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam mengadsorpsi logam berat karena memiliki permukaan yang spesifik, ukuran nanometer, dan efek kuantum sehingga daya serap ion logam menjadi lebih tinggi (Sivakami et al, 2013).…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosansilica Hybrid Adsorbent From the Extraction of Timor-East Nusa Tenggara Island Silica and Its Application to Adsorption of Copper(ii) Ion

“…Optimum pH Determination 0.1 g of the chitosan-silica hybrid was interacted with 25 mL of 5 ppm Cu 2+ for 50 min and stirred using a magnetic stirrer at 300 rpm. pH of the solution was made in variations of acidity (pH 4-8) 15 . The solution was filtered and the filtrate produced was analyzed using AAS.…”

“…Hence, modification by adding an active agent like chitosan is needed. Chitosan is a derivative from deacetylated chitin 15,16 . It is able to adsorb ions in wastewater because it has free amine groups (-NH2) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups that work as the chelation site (coordinating bond site) with the ions to form achelate 17,18, .…”

Effect of Surfactant HLB Value on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Chitosan

“…Chitosan is a polycationic natural derivative of chitin, which is considered the main building component of crustacean shells [1,2]. This biopolymer comprises two common sugars: glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine [3].…”