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NAKAI, Takeshi

doi:10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.36.49

Cited by 7 publications

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“…2) Additionally, community pharmacies will be needed to manage personal medication information, provide 24-h support service associated with prescription drugs, provide OTC drugs, and counsel on people's health. 2,3) For these reasons, community pharmacies will be needed near community people, not near a hospital. However, the Miyagi prefecture pharmaceutical administration reported that many pharmacists preferred to work in big cities like Sendai and the shortage of pharmacists and their uneven distribution were becoming a problem.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Distribution of Community Pharmacies and Pharmacists in Miyagi Prefecture

et al. 2021

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In Japan, the aging of the population is serious problem. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is constructing a new support system for elderly people called``Community-based integrated care system''. In this system, community pharmacists are expected to play an important role as healthcare professionals for the whole community, including elderly people. Since pharmacists will be needed to manage community health in addition to their daily tasks, it is required to reassess the distribution of community pharmacies and pharmacists. In this study, we surveyed their distribution in Miyagi prefecture by using statistical data from public institutions and reevaluated the distribution to raise problems. Based on the numbers of community pharmacies and pharmacists per 1000 population in the whole Miyagi prefecture, each area was ranked to 2 categories and analyzed regarding population, aging rate and inhabitable land area. It was disclosed that the higher aging rate areas had the higher rate of category below the average of whole Miyagi prefecture, especially in the number of pharmacists. When the numbers of pharmacies and pharmacists per the inhabitable land area were used, the uneven distribution became clearer than when those per population were used. Theseˆndings suggested that it was important to characterize the areas by not only the ratios of community pharmacies and pharmacists to population numbers but also by the aging rates and inhabitable land area, which were related to the work e‹ciency of pharmacists and accessibility for resident to pharmacies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Distribution of Community Pharmacies and Pharmacists in Miyagi Prefecture

et al. 2021

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“…In 1987, Gu et al reported a synthesis of the methoxymethyl ether of chloroacetone enol 8 (Scheme ). 11a, The two-step synthesis starts with the electrophilic attack of methoxymethyl chloride 25 on epichlorohydrin 26 to yield the intermediate dichloroether 27 that yields 8 when treated with aqueous NaOH. Regrettably, this procedure is limited to halides that are more reactive than epichlorohydrin, like chloromethyl ethers, 11a,b,, acyl chlorides, 11a, α-chloro esters, 11a, and benzyl and allyl chlorides . In addition, the treatment of the analogues of the dichloride 27 with aqueous NaOH proved unsuitable for enol ethers of volatility lower than that of 8 .…”

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confidence: 99%

A Facile, General Approach to the Synthesis of Electrophilic Acetone Equivalents

1998

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The facile, high-yielding, yet general synthesis of electrophilic chloroacetone equivalents 11a−f is described. The enol ethers are assembled in three steps starting with trichloride 29 in overall yields of 57−93%. Nucleophilic displacement of the chloromethyl chlorine with a range of organometallic reagents generates dichlorides 30 in yields of 58−99%, which can be dehydrohalogenated with t-BuOK/THF in yields of 87−99% to produce enol ethers 31. Conversion of the allyl chlorides 31 to the corresponding allyl iodides 11 with 72−99% yield completes the synthetic sequence. The entire sequence can be performed in less than 48 h on a >50 mmol scale.

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Methoden der Reaktivitätsumpolung

Seebàch

1979

Angewandte Chemie

541

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In den letzten zehn Jahren haben sich die organisch‐chemischen Synthesemethoden stürmisch entwickelt. Parallel dazu ist die Analyse synthetischer Probleme systematisiert worden (Syntheseplanung). Die Aufstellung eines Syntheseplans für ein organisches Zielmolekül wird durch die Unterscheidung von Reagentien X(C)n … normaler Reaktivität (Acceptoreigenschaften an C1, 3, 5 …, Donoreigenschaften an X, C2, 4…) und umgepolter Reaktivität (Acceptoreigenschaften an X, C2, 4 …, Donoreigenschaften an C1, 3, 5 …) bedeutend erleichtert. Die Umpolung der Reaktivität wurde als nützliches heuristisches Prinzip, als Einteilungsschema und als Leitfaden zum Auffinden strategischer Bindungen erkannt (Synthon‐, Transform‐ und Retrosynthesebetrachtungen nach Corey). Die Methoden der Umpolung lassen sich in sechs Gruppen einteilen: die 1, 2n‐Oxidation, den Heteroatom‐Austausch, die Homologisierung und ihre Umkehr, den Cyclopropan‐„Trick”︁, die Verwendung von Acetylenen und die Redoxreaktionen; die in speziellen Fällen mögliche, direkte Umpolung kommt ohne diese Methoden aus. – In diesem Aufsatz wird die normale Reaktivität durch grünen Druck, die umgepolte Reaktivität durch roten Druck gekennzeichnet.

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Cited by 7 publications

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Analysis of the Distribution of Community Pharmacies and Pharmacists in Miyagi Prefecture

Analysis of the Distribution of Community Pharmacies and Pharmacists in Miyagi Prefecture

A Facile, General Approach to the Synthesis of Electrophilic Acetone Equivalents

Methoden der Reaktivitätsumpolung

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