60 GHz ultrawideband front-ends with gain control, phase shifter, and wave guide transition in LTCC technology

Abstract

For high-data-rate multimedia access and measurement applications (such as channel sounding and radar) the 60 GHz unlicensed band is of interest for short range applications. Currently, there is enormous progress in the field of monolithic-millimeter-wave-integratedcircuits (MMIC) for 60 GHz technology, but there are still many challenges related to reliability and usable bandwidth for compact packaging solutions. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the implementation of miniaturized 60 GHz front-ends, including fully differential MMICs, with gain control and phase-shifting capabilities, interconnected to a broadband differentially fed waveguide for the WR-15 standard. The front-ends were designed based on MMICs using 0.25 μm SiGe BiCMOS and packaging on low-temperature-cofiredceramics (LTCC) technology. We have designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested the front-ends showing a useable bandwidth of more than 12 GHz at the 60 GHz band fulfilling the requirements of the IEEE 802.11ad standard.

RETRACTED: Development and design of antenna array for beam forming techniques

“…Through various parameters ,sub-arrays are fed and a natural amplitude tapering heads to a side lobe level (SLL) of À13.5 dB. 10,11 The surface wall of SIWs are relatively large and it encompasses the whole of footprint below the patch, which in turn makes it difficult to build two orthogonal SIWs for dual polarizations like the microstrip-fed counterpart 7,12 by considering the geometrical limitation. By altering the manner of excitation an adjustable polarization was introduced, which makes it more conducive for millimeter-wave operations.…”

Real-Time MIMO Channel Sounder for Emulation of Distributed Ultrawideband Systems

“…The architecture of the 60 GHz up-down converter represented in Figure 1 has been implemented with a singlepolarized frontend [49], with a standard WR15 waveguide transition integrated in LTCC (low temperature cofired ceramics) [50] which allows for operation of the module with different standard-interface antennas as well as for back-toback calibrations using standard devices.…”

60 GHz polarimetric MIMO sensing: Architectures and technology

“…1 has been implemented with two different frontends: a dual-polarized frontend in LTCC [5], incorporating an integrated dual-polarized antenna array [6] (see Fig. 5 and 6), and a single-polarized frontend [24], with a standard WR15 waveguide transition integrated in LTCC [25] (see Fig. 7).…”

“…The single-polarized frontend allows for phase adjustment at the LO-path like its dual-polarized counterpart, but additionally enables transmit power adjustment thanks to the inclusion in the MMICs of a power amplifier with variable gain control [24]. The flexibility of this frontend is enhanced by the WR15 rectangular waveguide transition [25], which allows for operation of the module with different standard-interface antennas as well as for back-to-back calibrations using standard devices.…”