6-Gingerol-Rich Fraction fromZingiber officinalePrevents Hematotoxicity and Oxidative Damage in Kidney and Liver of Rats Exposed to Carbendazim

Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a globally marketed flavoring agent and cooking spice with a long history of human health benefits. The fungicide carbendazim (CBZ) is often detected in fruits and vegetables for human nutrition and has been reported to elicit toxic effects in different experimental animal models. The present study investigated the protective effects of 6-Gingerol-rich fraction (6-GRF) from ginger on hematotoxicity and hepatorenal damage in rats exposed to CBZ. CBZ was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg alone or simultaneously administered with 6-GRF at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, whereas control rats received corn oil alone at 2 mL/kg for 14 days. Hematological examination showed that CBZ-mediated toxicity to the total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets counts were normalized to the control values in rats cotreated with 6-GRF. Moreover, administration of CBZ significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase as well as glutathione level in the livers and kidneys of rats compared with control. However, the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde were markedly elevated in kidneys and livers of CBZ-treated rats compared with control. The significant elevation in the plasma indices of renal and hepatic dysfunction in CBZ-treated rats was confirmed by light microscopy. Coadministration of 6-GRF exhibited chemoprotection against CBZ-mediated hematotoxicity, augmented antioxidant status, and prevented oxidative damage in the kidney and liver of rats.

Ginger ( Zingiber officinale ) prevents severe damage to the lungs due to hyperoxia and inflammation

“…Pups in the control group (21% O 2 for 14 days + placebo) and hyperoxia + LPS group (95% O 2 for 14 days + placebo) were administered oral saline (2 mL/kg), but pups in the hyperoxia + LPS + ginger group (95% O 2 for 14 days + ginger) were treated once a day from the first day of the study to the end of the study. In the present experiment, we used whole ginger since many different compounds in ginger have been determined to act in a synergic manner that suggests the importance of using whole ginger (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

6-Gingerol-rich fraction prevents disruption of histomorphometry and marker enzymes of testicular function in carbendazim-treated rats

“…Previous studies demonstrated that CBZ induced testicular atrophy via sloughing of germ cells, inhibition of Sertoli cell microtubule function, induction of oxidative stress, apoptosis and DNA damage leading to infertility (Adedara, Vaithinathan, Jubendradass, Mathur, & Farombi, ; Aire, ; Bjørge et al., ; Salihu, Ajayi, Adedara, de Souza et al. ; Salihu, Ajayi, Adedara, & Farombi, ; Yu, Guo, Xie, Liu, & Wang, ). Thus, recent investigations are aimed at protecting human health involve the use of antioxidants and naturally occurring substances to mitigate or inhibit oxidant‐induced testicular damage due to excessive generation of free radicals from exposure to environmental contaminants.…”

“…Several herbal plants have been scientifically proven to possess pharmacological principles which make them useful as curatives for numerous ailments including infertility (D'Cruz, Vaithinathan, Jubendradass, & Mathur, ). Zingiber officinale, which is popularly known as ginger, is a globally marketed flavouring agent and cooking spice with a long history of human health benefits (Salihu et al., ). The focus on the human health benefits of ginger is on the increase due to its low toxicity and the presence of potent phytochemicals including gingerols, shogaols, zingerones and zingiberone (Salihu, Ajayi, Adedara, de Souza et al.…”

6-Gingerol-rich fraction fromZingiber officinaleameliorates carbendazim-induced endocrine disruption and toxicity in testes and epididymis of rats

“…Group V rats orally were orally co‐treated with CBZ and 6‐GRF at 200 mg/kg (6‐GRF3). The dose of CBZ (50 mg/kg) was chosen from previously published study (WHO, ), whereas 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg 6‐GRF and the duration of treatment were selected from our preliminary studies (Salihu et al., ). Twenty‐four hours after the last treatment, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and blood was collected from retro‐orbital venous plexus using heparin‐containing tubes.…”

“…6‐Gingerol (1‐[4′‐hydroxy‐3′‐methyoxyphenyl]‐5‐hydroxy‐3‐decanone is the most pungent of all the active principles found in ginger and has been shown to possess anticancer, anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties (Surh et al., ; Surh, ; El‐Ghorab, Nauman, Anjum, Hussain, & Nadeem, ; Dugasani et al., ; Salihu, Ajayi, Adedara, & Farombi, ). However, as one of the principal bioactive components in ginger, there is paucity of information on the influence of 6‐gingerol on CBZ‐induced reproductive toxicity.…”