41.1: A Super‐High Image Quality Multi‐Domain Vertical Alignment LCD by New Rubbing‐Less Technology

Takeda, Akitsu; Kataoka, S.; Sasaki, Toru; Chida, Hideo; Tsuda, Hiroshi; Ohmuro, Katsufumi; Sasabayashi, T.; Koike, Yoshio; Okamoto, Kenji

doi:10.1889/1.1833672

Cited by 401 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…These limitations were fi nally overcome in the late 1990s, and the VA mode became one of the major commercial wide-viewing-angle modes. Th e key technologies leading to these improvements are a multi-domain structure and a suitable compensation fi lm [27,28]. It is a rather simple engineering task to control the tilt direction of molecules and to form multiple domains in the VA mode.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th e tilt direction of LC molecules can thus be controlled using simple structures. In the multi-domain VA (MVA) mode, protrusions are added to the electrodes to force the molecules to tilt from the surface, as shown in Figure 3 [27]. Th e patterned VA (PVA) mode uses open slits on the pixel electrodes to induce fringe fields on the edge of the slits, which causes the molecules to tilt over in the direction perpendicular to the slit ( Figure 3) [28].…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

2009

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I n 1888, more than a century ago, the Austrian botanist FriedrichReinitzer discovered an intermediate state of matter between isotropic liquid and lattice-structured crystal [1][2][3]. Th is state, later termed liquid crystal (LC), remained merely a novelty for many years until suitable applications for the technology began to become apparent. From the late 1960s, following the realization that various display applications were possible, the popularity of liquid crystal as a research fi eld expanded rapidly, attracting the interest of many scientists who made fundamental contributions to the technologies that have led to the spectacular success of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Th e development of the twisted nematic (TN) [4] and supertwisted nematic (STN) [5] cell confi gurations, along with the necessary manufacturing technologies [6][7][8][9], resulted in the birth of the LCD industry in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The subsequent development of thin-film transistor (TFT) technology provided a further boost to the industry in the late 1980s [14,15]. Th e boom was signifi cantly supported by the advancement of material technologies such as the highly reliable manufacturing of liquid crystal base materials, and the development of polymers for the alignment layer, color fi lter materials, and sheet-type polarizers formed from the poly(vinyl alcohol)-iodine complex.In the 1990s, LCDs occupied an important position in the display market primarily through notebook applications, although the cathode ray tube (CRT) continued to dominate the desktop monitor and television markets. Th e plasma display panel (PDP), which appeared in the commercial market in 1997, pioneered the large-area fl at panel display market. It was widely predicted at the time that PDPs would maintain the lead in the large-area display market and that LCDs in small-display information technology (IT) applications would soon be replaced by new technologies such as displays based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [16,17]. Such predictions were based on the belief that the LCD technology suff ered from serious limitations in terms of both off -axis image quality and moving picture quality, and also that it had proved diffi cult to obtain reasonable manufacturing yields of large-area TFT panels. However, these predictions, as we now know, turned out to be incorrect. Th e application of LCDs has expanded rapidly in recent years from purely information technology (IT) applications to the television and mobile display markets, and now even to very-large-area digital information displays (DIDs).Interestingly, while LCDs penetrated the traditional territories of other display technologies including CRTs and PDPs, attracting inevitable and heavy competition from these technologies, the most critical competitors were in fact alternative LCD technologies. A range of LCD modes and technologies are now applied in the same areas of application and are compared directly with one another in the market. In applicat...

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Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

2009

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“…High-quality flexible LCDs require that high-contrast images are maintained in both curved and non-curved states [5]- [7], however, the contrast ratio and viewing angle range of flexible LCDs are limited due to light leakage caused by the optical anisotropy of plastic substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Phase Retardation of Curved Thin Polycarbonate Substrates for Wide-viewing Angle Flexible Liquid Crystal Displays

Honda

Ishinabe

Shibata

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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SUMMARYWe investigated the effects of a bending stress on the change in phase retardation of curved polycarbonate substrates and optical characteristics of flexible liquid crystal displays (LCDs). We clarified that the change in phase retardation was extremely small even for the substrates with a small radius of curvature, because bending stresses occurred in the inner and upper surfaces are canceled each other out. We compensated for the phase retardation of polycarbonate substrates by a positive C-plate and successfully suppressed light leakage in both non-curved and curved states. These results indicate the feasibility of high-quality flexible LCDs using polycarbonate substrates even in curved states.

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“…The vertical-alignment (VA) mode [1,2] of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) has been mass-produced for the large television panels and the public information display panels because of their fast response time and excellent contrast ratio. They still have an unresolved weak point, however, compared with the in-plane switching (IPS) mode: image quality deterioration as a function of the viewing direction [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New three-gamma-curves-integrated VA LCD design for excellent image quality and enhanced transmittance

Kim

Shin

Kim

et al. 2016

Journal of Information Display

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Compared with the in-plane switching (IPS) mode of the liquid crystal display (LCD), the verticalalignment (VA) LCD mode provides an excellent contrast ratio and a fast response time, but it still has a relative weakness: image quality deterioration as a function of the viewing direction. In the VA mode, the pixel division method, in which two different gamma curves from the divided pixels are integrated, is generally used to improve the off-axis image quality. Reported herein is the new VA mode for enhancing the off-axis image without decreasing the transmittance. The pixels divided into 12 domains instead of 8 using double electrode layers produce three different gamma curves from the high, middle, and low pixels, which are combined and enhance the image quality. In this pixel structure, the middle pixels are formed by two electrode layers and produce the third gamma curve. The new design of the VA mode shows the best off-axis image quality in the VA mode, which is the most comparable with that in the IPS mode, even with the organic light-emitting diode, and will provide a solution for the heavy competition in the ultrahigh-definition (UHD) and large-LCD-TV-panel market in the very near future. ARTICLE HISTORY

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41.1: A Super‐High Image Quality Multi‐Domain Vertical Alignment LCD by New Rubbing‐Less Technology

Cited by 401 publications

References 4 publications

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

Technical evolution of liquid crystal displays

Evaluation of Phase Retardation of Curved Thin Polycarbonate Substrates for Wide-viewing Angle Flexible Liquid Crystal Displays

New three-gamma-curves-integrated VA LCD design for excellent image quality and enhanced transmittance

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