3D Self‐Supporting Porous Magnetic Assemblies for Water Remediation and Beyond

Abstract

In the past few years, three‐dimensional self‐supporting porous magnetic assemblies (3D‐SPMAs) have emerged as a new research area in materials science because of their combined features of three‐dimensional self‐supporting porous assemblies (3D‐SPAs) and magnetic materials. Due to these attributes, 3D‐SPMAs gain numerous tempting properties such as magnetism‐induced actuating, magnetic shape memory effects, and alternative magnetic field (AMF) induced heat generation, showcasing huge potential in diverse applications stretching over water remediation, actuators, biomedical therapy, etc. Especially, 3D‐SPMAs displayed eminent potential in water remediation for their large processing capacity, remote controllability, and magnetic‐field‐mediated wettability. With the rising interest in 3D‐SPAs, the increasing understanding of magnetic materials, and the flourish of materials preparation technique, an upsurge has appeared in 3D‐SPMAs and thus managing them a class of emerging and promising functional materials. However, currently there are rarely review papers concerning 3D‐SPMAs. In this light, this review aims to express a comprehensive overview of this young field and fuel further innovations for preparation methods and practical applications of 3D‐SPMAs. The focus is placed on the synthetic strategies and applications especially in water remediation. The potential opportunities and challenges are also discussed.

Engineering Self‐Supported Noble Metal Foams Toward Electrocatalysis and Beyond

“…For self‐supported light materials, the apparent density (ρ a ) is an important parameter to evaluate their potential application performance, such as the capacity of oil uptake for water remediation . In addition, it can be used to estimate the porosity (φ) of materials from all‐sized pores by the following equation where ρ b represents the density of the bulk material constituting the foam.…”

“…For self-supported light materials, the apparent density (ρ a ) is an important parameter to evaluate their potential application performance, such as the capacity of oil uptake for water remediation. [31,32] In addition, it can be used to estimate the porosity (φ) of materials from all-sized pores by the following equation [31,33] [34] while ρ a can be calculated by dividing the NMF mass by its volume (1.3-773 mg cm −3 ). [35,36] For NMAs, their extreme fragileness often poses difficulties in obtaining a regular shape, resulting in only a rough estimation of volumes and thus the corresponding densities.…”

Back Cover: Freeze–Thaw‐Promoted Fabrication of Clean and Hierarchically Structured Noble‐Metal Aerogels for Electrocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 21/2020)

“…Aerogels are al arge class of self-supported porous materials with virtually unlimited compositions ranging from silica, polymers,n anocarbons,a nd semiconductors to met-als. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Especially for the recently emerging noble-metal aerogels (NMAs), their combined features,i ncluding selfsupported architectures,h igh specific surface areas,3 D electron/mass transfer pathways,a nd numerous optically/ catalytically active sites,h ave endowed them with broad application prospects such as in electrocatalysis,s urfaceenhanced Raman scattering, and sensing. [8][9][10] However,since their discovery in 2009, [11] the development has been quite slow,w hich is presumably due to the great challenges encountered by the material fabrication.…”

Green Synthesis of Composite Graphene Aerogels with Robust Magnetism for Effective Water Remediation

“…Among those materials, graphene aerogels (GAs) with three-dimensional (3D) framework structures exhibit superior performance owing to their merits of excellent media transport property, enhanced adsorption capacity, low density, and convenience to be assembled to devices [9,10]. Consequently, the GAs have played various important roles for water remediation applications, such as the adsorbents, catalysts, and even the electrodes for electrochemical reactions [11][12][13][14].…”

“…To meet the increasing requirements for different applications, especially for water remediation, combining graphene with other functional materials, such as polymers [9,15], metals [16,17], and metal oxides [18,19], to synthesize GAs with specific properties has become a facile and effective strategy to improve the service performances of GAs. As a newly developed magnetic material, magnetic composite GAs (M-CGAs) inherit both of the advantages of GAs and magnetic materials; thus, they can be well-regulated by using an external magnetic field, and many specific functions could be realized, such as directed media transporting and magnetic separation [12,20,21]. As a result, the collection and recycling of the adsorbents or catalysts from the reaction systems after utilization become much more efficient and safer.…”