3D restitution, restoration and prototyping of a medieval damaged skull

Abstract

If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to describe the method of virtually and physically reconstructing the missing part of a badly damaged medieval skull by means of reverse engineering, computer-aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping (RP) techniques. Design/methodology/approach -Laser scanning data were used to create the 3D model of the damaged skull. Starting from this digital model, a virtual reconstruction of the missing part of the skull, based on the ideal symmetry with respect to the mid-sagittal plane, was achieved in a CAD environment. Finally, the custom-designed model was directly fabricated by means of the RP process. Findings -The result shows that the designed missing part of the skull fits very well with the existing skeletal remains. The final physical assembly of the prototyped element on the damaged skull was tested, restoring it to its whole original shape.Research limitations/implications -The entire process was time-consuming and may be applied just to the most representative skeletal remains. Practical implications -The method allows accurate fabrication of the missing part of the skull to be joined with the original skeletal remains. The advantage of using this technique is that the joining operation can be carried out without any need of supplementary connecting material, such as glue or plaster, to fix together the two parts. Originality/value -The reversible and non-invasive method improves the restoration process, reduces the risk of damage to the skeletal structure and allows reversion to the original repair as it was before.

From SFM to 3d Print: Automated Workflow Addressed to Practitioner Aimed at the Conservation and Restauration

“…In these areas, the software automatically provides the addition of support material to the geometric structure that can be placed on or inside a model. This material will guarantee stability during the production phase and, at the end of the process, it will be removed (Fantini, et al 2008;Freedman, 2012). For the mask we tried to print the model in two different positions in the space of the Cura platform, without any other changes.…”

Validace metod virtuální restaurace a rekonstrukce v kosterní antropologii

“…Pokročilé záznamové a zobrazovací techniky, jako je například 3D laserové skenování nebo výpočetní tomografie v doprovodu specializovaných programů umožňují kosterní nále-zy restaurovat či rekonstruovat v prostředí počítače bez přímého fyzického kontaktu a bez rizika poškození (Benazzi et al 2011;Fantini et al 2008;Zhou et al 2009a). Oblast antropologie pracující s digitálními kopiemi reálných kostí se označuje jako virtuální antropologie (Weber -Bookstein 2011, 2).…”

“…Zatímco během nápravy deformace jsou přizpůsobeny rekonstruované kosti rekonstrukční předloze, v postupech doplňující části jsou chybějící části doplněny z rekonstrukčních předloh (Benazzi et al 2009a;Benazzi et al 2009b;Fantini et al 2008;Gunz et al 2011;Neubauer et al 2004;Neubauer et al 2012). …”

Computer Aided Restoration Tools to Assist the Conservation of an Ancient Sculpture. The Colossal Statue of Zeus Enthroned

“…The material was deposited by the printing head layer by layer, defined by a slicing software starting from the 3D file. It was then possible to build an object of any shape or type within the technology's limit (Lu, 2014;Fantini, 2008). Before sending the file to the printing device, it is necessary to orient and move the scaled object inside the printing area.…”