3D Extension of the 3GPP/ITU Channel Model

Abstract

Recently there have been proposals to extend MIMO processing to the elevation dimension in addition to the azimuth direction. To accurately assess the promised gains of these "3D-MIMO" techniques, a channel model is needed that accurately accounts for the elevation angles of the rays. In addition it would be desirable for the 3D channel model to be a simple extension of an already defined 2D channel model to allow for ease of implementation and to assist the 3GPP standardization effort in the 3D MIMO area. In this paper we propose an extension of the ITU 2D channel model to 3D by adding a distance dependent elevation spread based on observations from ray tracing. Through system-level simulations we observe that the behavior of 3D MIMO is greatly impacted by the modeling of the 3D channel.

A low-complexity 3D massive MIMO scheme jointly using statistical and instantaneous CSIT

“…One is that the number of azimuth BS antennas is varying as M =[ 80, 100, 120] when the number of elevation BS antennas is fixed as N = 10. The other is that N = [ 10,20,30] with M = 80. Both groups of parameters are large enough to guarantee the tightness of asymptotic SINR.…”

“…However, in practice, it is infeasible to place a large number of antennas only in the azimuth direction at the BS. To cope with this limitation, three-dimensional (3D) MIMO has been introduced, where antennas are deployed in a two-dimensional (2D) grid at the BS to enable the multiplexing of many users in a multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) fashion [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Channel Measurements and Models for High-Speed Train Communication Systems: A Survey

“…The proposed 3D 3GPP channel model introduced the zenith AoD and zenith AoA that are modeled by inverse Laplacian functions [117]. The 3D extensions of SCM and the WINNERII/WINNER+ channel models were proposed in [118] and [119], respectively, and an extension of the IMT-A channel model to the elevation plane was proposed in [120], [121]. However, none of the aforementioned channel models has considered any of the HST scenarios.…”

Comparing Theoretic Single-User and Multi-User Full-Dimension MIMO Data Throughputs in Realistic City-Wide LTE-A Deployments

“…This model was used to generate many of the statistics now specified in the 3D extension of the 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project) channel model [12][13][14]. ProPhecy makes use of a 3D laserscanned environmental database (in this work a database for the city of Bristol (UK) was used).…”