“…Several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, affect the systemic inflammatory reaction either directly or indirectly ( 5 ). Gut microbiota is associated with the occurrence and development of UC and have been recognized as an “environmental factor” and are accompanied by an impairment in intestinal mucosal barrier function, imbalance in intestinal microbiota, and abnormality of metabolites ( 6 , 7 ). Specifically, adverse changes in the composition of the intestinal flora, changes in the main Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio, and decreases in the diversity and richness of intestinal microbial communities can lead to systemic intestinal inflammation ( 8 ).…”
Inflammatory bowel disease, an intestinal relapsing inflammatory disease, not only impairs gastrointestinal function but also increases the chances of developing colon cancer. Currently, the effects of shrimp peptide (SP) in mice model of ulcerative colitis (UC) are still unclear. In particular, it is uncertain whether SP affects the gut flora with UC mice. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of SP on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of UC. Firstly, the molecular weight of SP was mainly distributed in the range of 180–1,000 Da (61.95% proportion), and the amino acid composition showed that SP contained 17 amino acids, of which, the essential amino acids accounted for 54.50%. In vivo, oral SP significantly attenuated the severity of colitis, such as diarrhea, weight loss, and rectal bleeding. Furthermore, treatment with SP remarkably ameliorated intestinal barrier integrity, thus lowering the levels of the inflammatory cytokines and ameliorating antioxidant indices and intestinal injury indicators in the serum and colon. Lastly, the cecal contents were used to sequence and analyze the 16S rRNA genes of bacteria. Results suggested that treatment with SP could restore the balance of intestinal flora in modeled mice by regulating the abundance of pathogenic and beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, SP could significantly improve intestinal flora dysfunction in mice with UC. In summary, our findings show that SP has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect in UC in vivo, thereby highlighting its broad medicinal applications.
“…Several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, affect the systemic inflammatory reaction either directly or indirectly ( 5 ). Gut microbiota is associated with the occurrence and development of UC and have been recognized as an “environmental factor” and are accompanied by an impairment in intestinal mucosal barrier function, imbalance in intestinal microbiota, and abnormality of metabolites ( 6 , 7 ). Specifically, adverse changes in the composition of the intestinal flora, changes in the main Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio, and decreases in the diversity and richness of intestinal microbial communities can lead to systemic intestinal inflammation ( 8 ).…”
Inflammatory bowel disease, an intestinal relapsing inflammatory disease, not only impairs gastrointestinal function but also increases the chances of developing colon cancer. Currently, the effects of shrimp peptide (SP) in mice model of ulcerative colitis (UC) are still unclear. In particular, it is uncertain whether SP affects the gut flora with UC mice. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of SP on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of UC. Firstly, the molecular weight of SP was mainly distributed in the range of 180–1,000 Da (61.95% proportion), and the amino acid composition showed that SP contained 17 amino acids, of which, the essential amino acids accounted for 54.50%. In vivo, oral SP significantly attenuated the severity of colitis, such as diarrhea, weight loss, and rectal bleeding. Furthermore, treatment with SP remarkably ameliorated intestinal barrier integrity, thus lowering the levels of the inflammatory cytokines and ameliorating antioxidant indices and intestinal injury indicators in the serum and colon. Lastly, the cecal contents were used to sequence and analyze the 16S rRNA genes of bacteria. Results suggested that treatment with SP could restore the balance of intestinal flora in modeled mice by regulating the abundance of pathogenic and beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, SP could significantly improve intestinal flora dysfunction in mice with UC. In summary, our findings show that SP has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect in UC in vivo, thereby highlighting its broad medicinal applications.
“…A recent investigation using a treatment with hawthorn for chemically-induced colitis found microbiota modulation and increased levels of SCFAs in vivo . However, a diversity of aspects were different from our study, which include: the animals used (C57BL/6J mice), the colitis model (DSS), the fraction and species of the hawthorn plant (fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida ) , and especially, the treatment applied and its period (an extracted polysaccharide for 42 days) ( Guo et al, 2021 ). Such promising evidence indicates that the microbiome-related aspects of the therapy with the hawthorn plant are worthy of investigation and need further experiments to confirm its potential in vivo .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…According to a recent review ( Nascimento, Machado, et al, 2020 ), the DSS model best mimics the inflammation of UC, while the TNBS model, the inflammation of CD. In studies with colitis using products from hawthorn berries, the histological damage is improved, however, the models associated with the results are acetic acid and DSS, and not TNBS ( Fujisawa et al, 2005 , Guo et al, 2021 , Malekinejad et al, 2013 ). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Treatment options for IBDs are commonly not well accepted or tolerable for a great part of patients ( Horne et al, 2009 , Lasa et al, 2020 , Pieper et al, 2009 ), suggesting the need for studies capable of proving new effective options. From our knowledge, four studies to date have attested the positive effects of hawthorn in IBDs; however, these investigations used the fruits, not the leaves or flowers, and distinct hawthorn species ( Fujisawa et al, 2005 , Guo et al, 2021 , Liu et al, 2020 , Malekinejad et al, 2013 ). Fujisawa et al (2005) reported that the freeze-dried aqueous extract from the fruit of Crataegi fructus given in the drinking water prevented the inflammatory outcome and high mortality of chemically-induced models of colitis ( Fujisawa et al, 2005 ).…”
“…Tens of thousands of microorganisms live in the intestinal tract, thus establishing the intestinal flora. Studies believe that the course of UC is highly correlated with “environmental factors” such as the imbalance of intestinal flora, impaired intestinal mucosal barrier function, and abnormal secondary metabolites [ 13 , 14 ]. Specifically, undesirable variations in the composition of intestinal flora, the ratio changes of the major phyla Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes , the dwindling diversity and richness of intestinal microbial community, and the reduction of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the intestine and other factors can lead to intestinal systemic inflammation [ 15 ].…”
Considerable literature has been published on polysaccharides, which play a critical role in regulating the pathogenesis of inflammation and immunity. In this essay, the anti-inflammatory effect of Mytilus coruscus polysaccharide (MP) on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis model in mice was investigated. The results showed that MP effectively promoted the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells, ameliorated the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. For DSS-induced colitis in mice, MP can improve the clinical symptoms of colitis, inhibit the weight loss of mice, reduce the disease activity index, and have a positive effect on the shortening of the colon caused by DSS, meliorating intestinal barrier integrity and lowering inflammatory cytokines in serum. Moreover, MP makes a notable contribution to the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbial community, and also regulates the structural composition of the intestinal flora. Specifically, mice treated with MP showed a repaired Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an increased abundance of some probiotics like Anaerotruncus, Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, Alistipe, Odoribacter, and Enterorhabdus in colon. These data suggest that the MP could be a promising dietary candidate for enhancing immunity and protecting against ulcerative colitis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
