CCN5 activation by free or encapsulated EGCG is required to render triple‐negative breast cancer cell viability and tumor progression

Abstract

Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) has been considered an anticancer agent despite conflicting and discrepant bioavailability views. EGCG impairs the viability and self‐renewal capacity of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and makes them sensitive to estrogen via activating ER‐α. Surprisingly, the mechanism of EGCG’s action on TNBC cells remains unclear. CCN5/WISP‐2 is a gatekeeper gene that regulates viability, ER‐α, and stemness in TNBC and other types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether EGCG (free or encapsulated in nanoparticles) interacts with the CCN5 protein by emphasizing its bioavailability and enhancing its anticancer effect. We demonstrate that EGCG activates CCN5 to inhibit in vitro cell viability through apoptosis, the sphere‐forming ability via reversing TNBC cells’ stemness, and suppressing tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we found EGCG‐loaded nanoparticles to be functionally more active and superior in their tumor‐suppressing ability than free‐EGCG. Together, these studies identify EGCG (free or encapsulated) as a novel activator of CCN5 in TNBC cells and hold promise as a future therapeutic option for TNBC with upregulated CCN5 expression.

Palladium-Catalyzed intramolecular Cyclization of ‘2-bromo-1,5- di-ene-7-yne’System: A Versatile Route to the Poly-ene Substituted Cyclohexenols

“…Several applications and usefulness have been cited in recent publications ranging from natural product derivation to biomedical applications 15,17,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] .…”

Synthesis and Biological Properties of Coumarin Derivatives. A Review

“…Most of them reported the synthesis and their biological applications in pharmaceutical industry as likely therapeutic molecules. In fact, nanomaterials play a key role in numerous applications whether in the synthesis of interesting heterocyclic building blocks, [147][148][149][150][151][152][153] nanomedicines, [154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163] or theoretical and physical aspects. [164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171] Currently and as perspective, our research group is interested to investigate a new methodology for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized coumarins adopting multicomponent approaches under sustainable conditions in the presence of iron-based NPs@Layered Double Hydroxides nanocomposites as catalysts.…”

“…Most of them reported the synthesis and their biological applications in pharmaceutical industry as likely therapeutic molecules. In fact, nanomaterials play a key role in numerous applications whether in the synthesis of interesting heterocyclic building blocks, [147–153] nanomedicines, [154–163] or theoretical and physical aspects [164–171] …”

Domino Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Oxidative Condensation Reaction: An Approach Towards Synthesis of Phenanthridine and Its Analogues

“…1, 4), 24 antibacterial, anti-infectives, antprotozoal, antituberculosis, antitrypanosomiasis compounds 5,18,19,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] . The phenanthridine ring systems are also used in lockable colorimetric fluorescence molecular switch, PET tracers, and in material science applications 4,15,22,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] .…”