Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in human gingival fibroblast and ions release of endodontic sealers incorporated with nanostructured silver vanadate

Abstract

The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of commercial endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Sealer 26 and Endomethasone N) incorporated with nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO 3at concentrations 2.5, 5, and 10%) on human gingival fibroblast (HGF), and the silver (Ag + ) and vanadium (V 4+ /V 5+ ) ions release were evaluated. Cytotoxicity, cell death, and genotoxicity tests were carried out with extract samples of 24-hr and 7-days. The release of Ag + and V 4+ /V 5+ was evaluated. Cytotoxicity in HGF was caused by AH Plus (AP) with 5 and 10% of AgVO 3 (83.84 and 67.49% cell viability, respectively) with 24-hr extract (p < 0.05), as well as all concentrations of AP with 7-days extract (p < 0.05 -AP 0% = 73.17%; AP 2.5% = 75.07%; AP 5% = 70.62%; AP 10% = 68.46% cell viability). The commercial sealers Sealer 26 (S26) and Endomethasone N (EN) were cytotoxic (p < 0.05 -S26 0% = 34.81%; EN 0% = 20.99% cell viability with 7-days extract). AP 10% with 7-days extract induced 32% apoptotic cells in HGF (p < 0.05). Genotoxic effect was not observed. The AP groups released more Ag + , while S26 and EN released more V 4+ /V 5+ in 24 hr. The Ag + can be cytotoxic. In conclusion, the cytotoxicity caused to HGF can be attributed by the commercial sealers and enhanced by incorporation of AgVO 3 , was not observed genotoxic effect, and apoptosis was induced only by AH Plus 10% 7-days extract. Ag + can influence cell viability.

Bacterial adhesion to biomaterials: What regulates this attachment? A review

“…AgVO 3 at a concentration of 2.5% incorporated into irreversible hydrocolloid acted as an antimicrobial agent without affecting the physicomechanical properties [ 80 ]. Furthermore, the incorporation of AgVO 3 into endodontic sealers did not induce DNA breaks in human gingival fibroblast or cell death by apoptosis [ 81 ].…”

Cytotoxicity and Mineralization Activity of Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers Compared to Conventional Resin-Based Sealer in Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells

“…The contact between biomaterials and tissues leads to interactions; therefore, these materials should be biocompatible and not harmful to the biological environment [ 3 ]. Sealer components may be cytotoxic to human cells, leading to inflammation and DNA damage, resulting in genome instability and increased carcinogenesis; these substances interfere with cellular elements, including lipids, proteins, and DNA which may harm the unity of the membrane according to the chemical composition of its surface [ 5 ].…”

Adhesion of biofilm, surface characteristics, and mechanical properties of antimicrobial denture base resin

“…The antimicrobial action of AgVO 3 comes from the release of silver and vanadium. 13 14 15 Silver nanoparticles act by inhibiting genes involved in biofilm formation (gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, and gbpB), in the protection of extracellular matrix (brpA, smu 360, and comDE), and in the survival of S. mutans in the oral environment (spaP and gyrA). 30 Against C. glabrata , its mechanism of action involves changes in the yeast’s outer layer, in fatty acid composition, and blocking ATP synthesis.…”

“…Silver (Ag + ) and vanadium (V 5+ ) ions bind to SH-groups (thiols) on bacterial enzymes, disrupt metabolism and cellular replication, cause oxidative stress, and cell death. 13 14 15 The incorporation of AgVO 3 in dental materials demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity, including in PMMA, and can prevent microbial adhesion and denture stomatitis. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 …”