3-D Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of DC Arc in Power System

Rau, Shiuan-Hau; Zhang, Zhenyuan; Lee, Wei-Jen

doi:10.1109/tia.2016.2593687

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although the simulation model is axially symmetrical, the results deviate to nonsymmetrical after hundreds of time steps (about several milliseconds), probably due to symmetry breaking under fluid turbulence that a small perturbation happened will cause nonsymmetric results, which is also found in Rau's simulation. 33 The simulated and measured inner pressures are compared and plotted in Fig. 6(a).…”

Section: B Simulation Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of wall ablation on low-voltage arc interruption: The effect of Stefan flow

Huo

Selezneva

Jacobs³

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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Low-voltage circuit breakers provide essential protection for industrial and residential power installations, by taking advantage of the voltage drop at the electrode–plasma interface to force current zero. This is accomplished by using the magnetic force and unbalanced pressure on the arc as the contacts open to push the arc toward a stack of steel plates that break the arc into subarcs and thereby multiply the number of voltage drops. As the fault current can be high, substantial energy can be dissipated, which results in interactions among the arc and solid counterparts in terms of wall ablation and metal evaporation. In this study, ablation experiments are conducted to demonstrate its great influence on the arc voltage and on the pressure field. Significant progress has been accomplished in the computation of arc dynamics through the coupling of fluid motion with electromagnetics, although an important mechanism in arc breaking simulation, the effect of Stefan flow caused by species generation, has not been considered. We report out a numerical approach for taking into account the effect of Stefan flow, particularly for the breakers with high gasifying wall materials. This approach accounts for the diffusion induced convection due to added-in species from the evaporation surfaces, which will largely influence the flow field and the properties of the plasma mixture. Apart from the voltage drop, this mechanism plays an important role in simulating arc interruption. The ability of conducting Stefan flow computation further enhances the understanding of arc behaviors and improves the design of practically oriented low-voltage circuit breakers.

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Section: B Simulation Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of wall ablation on low-voltage arc interruption: The effect of Stefan flow

Huo

Selezneva

Jacobs³

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The arc causes a large amount of heat to be created between the electrode gaps. Heat is transmitted through heat conduction to the surrounding air, the copper electrode, and the PVC skin, which can be expressed as Equation (10). During the arc's 'zero current' stage and the AC half-wave without an arc, the heat generation Q arc is 0.…”

Section: Mhd Governing Equations and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rau, S.H. et al [ 10 ] established a 3D MHD model of the DC arc to study the influence of the arc on the photovoltaic system. In addition, the MHD model can also be used to study changes in the flow velocity, flow rate, voltage gradient, and temperature distribution of a conductive fluid [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on an Equivalent Heat Source Model of the AC Arc in the Short Gap of a Copper-Core Cable and a Fire Risk Assessment Method

Li,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model of the alternating current (AC) arc is complex, so a simplified equivalent heat source (EHS) model can be used to replace the complex model in studying the AC arc’s thermal characteristics and cable fire risk. A 2D axisymmetric AC arc MHD simulation model in the short gap of a copper-core cable is established in this paper. The AC arc voltage and current obtained by the model are consistent with experiments. The AC arc’s heat source distribution obtained by the MHD model is fitted to obtain the heat source function Q of the AC arc. Q is divided into 16 independent segmented heat sources, and a correction matrix is constructed to optimize the segmented heat sources. A neural network and a genetic algorithm give the prediction model and the optimal correction matrix of the segmented heat source. The EHS model optimized by the optimal correction matrix can obtain a minimum temperature error of 5.8/4.4/4.2% with the MHD model in different AC arc peak currents 2/4/6 A. The probability of a cable fire is calculated by using AC arc’s optimized EHS model when different numbers of AC arcs are generated randomly in AC half-waves. The EHS model can replace the complex MHD model to study the thermal characteristics of AC arcs and quickly calculate the probability of a cable fire caused by random AC arcs.

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“…Therefore, for long-time arcs, it is difficult to obtain accurate gap width during arcing. In addition, the arc will bend because of the Lorentz force generated by itself [27], so the actual arc length cannot be obtained by simply measuring the electrode gap. As a result, the arc length L or gap width is the major factor that affects the accuracy of the long-time arc simulation using U-I arc models.…”

Section: U-i Arc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model is one of the sophisticated arc models. The behaviors of arcs were studied in closed containers [24][25][26] and simple DC power system [27] by MHD modeling. When using MHD models, the focus is mainly on the basic physical characteristics of the arc, such as the movement of arc column, distribution of arc temperature, and particle velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Series DC Arc Simulation of Photovoltaic System Based on Habedank Model

Pan

Luo³

et al. 2020

Energies

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Despite the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) industry, direct current (DC) fault arc remains a major threat to the safety of PV system and personnel. While extensive research on DC fault arc has been conducted, little attention has been paid to the long-time interactions between the PV system and DC arc. In this paper, a simulation system with an arc model and PV system model is built to overcome the inconvenience of the fault-arc experiments and understand the mechanism of these interactions. For this purpose, the characteristics of the series DC arc in a small grid-connected PV system are first investigated under uniform irradiance. Then, by comparing with different arc models, the Habedank model is selected to simulate the fault arc and a method to determine its parameters under DC arc condition is proposed. The trends of simulated arc waveforms are consistent with the measured data, whose fitting degree in adjusted R-squared is between 0.946 and 0.956. Finally, a phenomenon observed during the experiment, that the negative perturbation of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm can reduce the arc current, is explained by the proposed model.

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3-D Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of DC Arc in Power System

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Study of wall ablation on low-voltage arc interruption: The effect of Stefan flow

Study of wall ablation on low-voltage arc interruption: The effect of Stefan flow

Research on an Equivalent Heat Source Model of the AC Arc in the Short Gap of a Copper-Core Cable and a Fire Risk Assessment Method

Series DC Arc Simulation of Photovoltaic System Based on Habedank Model

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