3.2 GHz, 0.2 μm gate CMOS 1/8 dynamic frequency divider

Kado, Yuichi; Okazaki, Y.; Suzuki, Masao; Kobayashi, Toshio

doi:10.1049/el:19901077

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Furthermore, [2] stated that the device complexity of a dynamic prescaler is about one third smaller than the complexity of the static prescaler. This is clearly seen in Figure 7.…”

Section: Dynamic Vs Staticmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CMOS High-Speed 1/14 Dynamic Frequency Divider

Imm¹,

Kordesch

Majlis³

2006

2006 International RF and Microwave Conference

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A dynamic frequency divider is capable of operating at twice the frequency of a static divider. The clocked dynamic inverter type flip-flop divider is adopted for use as a dynamic frequency divider. The dynamic divider is based on the C2MOS (Clocked CMOS) master-slave concept. The flip-flops are clocked by a single clock input. The dynamic divider was designed to divide its input by 2n where n denotes the number of divider stages. This synchronous dynamic divider can divide a sine wave input at a maximum frequency of 2.7GHz. Our dynamic divider is implemented on the Silterra 0.1 8um CMOS technology, and it operates with a 1.8V power supply. To demonstrate the capability of the dynamic divider, this paper will compare the dynamic divider to a static 2" divider. The dynamic divider is faster and has about half the device complexity of a static divider.

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“…Furthermore, [2] stated that the device complexity of a dynamic prescaler is about one third smaller than the complexity of the static prescaler. This is clearly seen in Figure 7.…”

Section: Dynamic Vs Staticmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, [2] claimed that the disadvantage of the dynamic divider is the high minimum operating frequency, Fmin which is greater than 1 GHz due to offcurrent leakage in the transistors. Hence, a static divider should be cascaded after the dynamic divider to enable the signal frequency to be divided to even lower frequencies.…”

Section: Dynamic Vs Staticmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS High-Speed 1/14 Dynamic Frequency Divider

Imm¹,

Kordesch

Majlis³

2006

2006 International RF and Microwave Conference

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Rastered, uniformly separated wavelengths emitted from a two-dimensional vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser array

Chang-Hasnain¹,

Wullert²,

Harbison³

et al. 1991

Applied Physics Letters

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We report the first two-dimensional vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) array with each laser emitting a unique, nonredundant wavelength. This was achieved by implementing spatially chirped layers in the VCSEL structure and obliquely aligning the array axes to the direction of the thickness chirp. We obtained 77 wavelengths from a 7×11 VCSEL array with all the lasers emitting single mode. Uniform wavelength separation between neighboring lasers is achieved with the direction of increasing wavelength rastering through the array. All the lasers exhibit nearly the same optical and electrical properties, in spite of the intentionally implemented difference in the emission wavelengths.

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