“…(GE and UR, [GU]) are the main herbs in the GU decoction, which has shown significant efficacy in vascular headache (Jiang, 2007). The prescription preparation, GU granules, in particular, are commonly used for treating neurological conditions such as migraine (Zhang et al, 2017). Extracts of GE and UR have been reported to exert neuroprotective effects (Xian et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2018); however, the oral absorption bioavailability of GE and UR extract is poor (Ge et al, 2014).…”