Evaluation of pulmonary functions in preschool children born late-preterm

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pulmonary functions of preschool children born late-preterm. Material and Methods:Children aged between 3-7 years who were born at 34 0/7 -36 6/7 weeks' gestation represented the target sample. Patients with a diagnosis of congenital cardiac, pulmonary and/or muscle diseases were excluded. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated using the modified asthma predictive index and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood criteria for children aged under and over 6 years, respectively. Skin prick tests were performed. Age-matched healthy controls were chosen according to the criteria proposed by the American Thoracic Society. Lung functions were evaluated using impulse oscillometry study in both groups. Data were recorded in the SPSS program.Results: A total of 139 late-preterms and 75 healthy controls participated in the study. The mean gestational week of the late-preterms was 35.3±0.9 weeks. The main admission diagnosis to neonatal intensive care unit was respiratory distress. In the postdischarge period, 54.1% were hospitalized for pulmonary infections at least once, and 57.8% were passive smoking currently. Aeroallergen sensitivity was detected as 25.8% in the late-preterm group; 34.5% and 15.1% were diagnosed as having asthma and non-asthmatic atopy, respectively. Impulse oscillometry study parameters of R5, R10, and Z5 were higher and X10 and X15 were lower in late-preterms than in controls (p<0.05). Late-preterms with and without respiratory distress in the postnatal period revealed no statistical differences for any parameters. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that presence of increased peripheral airway resistance in late-preterms as compared to term-born controls. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2017; 52: 72-8)

Predisposition for atopy and pulmonary prognosis at preschool age of patients diagnosed with respiratory distress in the neonatal period

“…The frequency of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis is increasing both in our country and in many countries of the world [4][5][6]. It was determined that the lung functions of pretermborn children decreased significantly at school age [7][8][9][10]. In addition, various studies investigating atopy in premature children have been conducted, some studies have shown that atopy is a reduced risk factor, while others have shown that there is no relationship between gestational age and atopy [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

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“…The frequency of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis is increasing both in our country and in many countries of the world [4][5][6]. It was determined that the lung functions of pretermborn children decreased significantly at school age [7][8][9][10]. In addition, various studies investigating atopy in premature children have been conducted, some studies have shown that atopy is a reduced risk factor, while others have shown that there is no relationship between gestational age and atopy [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”