Clinical Herpes Zoster in Antarctica as a Model for Spaceflight

Reyes, David; Brinley, Alaina; Blue, Rebecca S.; Gruschkus, Stephen K.; Allen, Andrew T.; Parazynski, Scott

doi:10.3357/amhp.4450.2017

Cited by 27 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The literature contains numerous descriptions of functional and quantitative changes in the innate and adaptive immunity in expedition participants during their stay at the base, which might favor the reactivation of latent infections (Mehta et al, 2000;Reyes et al, 2017). However, our study showed no statistically significant changes in the titers of antibodies against infectious agents, which could signify activation of an infection.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Studies describe hormonal changes due to shifts in the biological rhythm (Arendt & Middleton, 2018), which directly influence the regime and quality of sleep (Arendt, 2012;Steinach et al, 2015) and psychosocial behavior (Palinkas et al, 2004). Moreover, these unfavorable states are linked to endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions and negative mood models (Palinkas et al, 2010); some changes in the functions of innate and adaptive immunity (Yadav et al, 2012;Crucian et al, 2018) were found to be connected to reactivation of latent infections (Mehta et al, 2000;Reyes et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The health of polar researchers attracts great scientific interest, both fundamental and applied since there is a need to curb the expeditions' adverse effect on well-being. The problem has been attacked from several angles; Strewe et al (2019) investigated the increase and specifics of secretion of cortisol, catecholamines, and endocan-D. Zabara, I. Kozeretska, I. Deineko et al: Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers nabinoids, as well as higher levels of lymphocytes, platelets, and hemoglobin in men and women during one year in the field, and Reyes et al, (2017) reported reactivation of the Herpes Zoster infection and the Epstein-Barr virus under stressful conditions in Antarctica.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers

Kozeretska

Deineko

Anoshko

et al. 2021

UAJ

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The immune system plays a major role in human homeostasis, yet a body’s unique individuality complicates the diagnostic forecasting of unfavourable physiological states and diseases. Studying the immunophenotypic features of winterers of the Ukrainian Antarctic Expeditions before, during, and after their assignments might shed some light on the possible place of immune accentuations in the development of certain physiological states. To determine the natural-killer (NK) cytotoxicity and the immunophenotype in 52 applicants who wanted to take part in an expedition and nine participants who had come back, we used flow cytofluorometry. Blood serum samples taken before, during, and after the expeditions were also tested for hormones, anti-infective, anti-parasitic, and autoimmune antibodies. The high absolute and relative numbers of NK lymphocytes, high NK cytotoxicity, and high expression of HLA-DR on the CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes were correlated with a person’s unfavorable health status during the expedition. In Antarctica, cortisol levels sharply increased, yet they normalized upon return. In most winterers, there were no significant health complications during the expeditions. Neither reactivated nor primary viral infections were registered, as well as clinical autoimmune ones. Upon return, the winterers had significantly lower leukocytes and lymphocytes and increased expression of activation markers (HLA-DR) on the T-cells. The found risk factors can characterize the polar researchers’ immunophenotypes yet require validation on larger samples. The expedition environment causes increased stress, entailing, however, neither clinical manifestations nor elements of immunosuppression. The polar researchers bear the consequences of the prolonged stress that inhibit leucopoiesis as late as six months after their return, which should be considered while reviewing applications for the next season.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers

Kozeretska

Deineko

Anoshko

et al. 2021

UAJ

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Life in Extreme Environments

2020

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Extreme habitats lie outside the range of conditions in which most of organisms live. 'Extreme' includes physical extremes, e.g. temperature, radiation, pressure, and geochemical extreme, for example desiccation, salinity, pH, depletion of oxygen or extreme redox potential. Investigations of these environments are important for the study of evolution relationships, emergence of new species and various ecological relations among organisms which compensate certain environmental externalities. From such habitats new metabolites and metabolic pathways of organisms can be expected, which indicate bioremediation potential, discovery of new antibiotics, etc. Extreme habitats are populated by highly specialized organisms-extremophiles, which must-in a contrast to other species-bridge different stresses conditions. Liquid water is the sine qua non of life on Earth, but regarding the physical and geochemical extremes, life is present even in habitats with obvious lack of water, e.g. deserts. In such habitats environmental parameters allow existence to only specially adapted organisms live. All these facts support the idea of sustainable management with these natural features, their protection, preserving their genetic pool and popularisation in the society.

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