Modeling Aquatic Toxicity through Chromatographic Systems

Abstract

Environmental risk assessment requires information about the toxicity of the growing number of chemical products coming from different origins that can contaminate water and become toxicants to aquatic species or other living beings via the trophic chain. Direct toxicity measurements using sensitive aquatic species can be carried out but they may become expensive and ethically questionable. Literature refers to the use of chromatographic measurements that correlate to the toxic effect of a compound over a specific aquatic species as an alternative to get toxicity information. In this work, we have studied the similarity in the response of the toxicity to different species and we have selected eight representative aquatic species (including tadpoles, fish, water fleas, protozoan, and bacteria) with known nonspecific toxicity to chemical substances. Next, we have selected four chromatographic systems offering good perspectives for surrogation of the eight selected aquatic systems, and thus prediction of toxicity from the chromatographic measurement. Then toxicity has been correlated to the chromatographic retention factor. Satisfactory correlation results have been obtained to emulate toxicity in five of the selected aquatic species through some of the chromatographic systems. Other aquatic species with similar characteristics to these five representative ones could also be emulated by using the same chromatographic systems. The final aim of this study is to model chemical products toxicity to aquatic species by means of chromatographic systems to reduce in vivo testing.

Synthesis of 1-Substituted 1H-1,2,3,4-Tetrazoles Using Biosynthesized Ag/Sodium Borosilicate Nanocomposite

“…Relative to other data collection methods, QSARs are expeditious and have the prospective to include diverse entities that are reliant on the model domain. Additionally, the appraised facts, for example, by QSARs, are expected to upsurge in significance as authorizations such as the European Chemicals Agency promote the reduced use of animal testing. , In this study, the QSAR method was explored to investigate the formation plausibility of the synthesized chemicals in Table and predict the effect of different functional groups attached to the main structure for their toxicity hazard and protein binding (Figure ).…”

Determination of the retention factor of ionizable compounds in microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography

“…The addition of the cosurfactant produced important differences between the mobility values obtained with or without it, although the reason for these differences has not been systematically studied. Taking into account that the retention factor of a substance in a given system is often used to estimate other of its properties, such as logPo/w [8][9][10][11] or biopartitioning parameters [20][21][22][23][24], it is very important to ensure it is determined correctly.…”

Lecithin liposomes and microemulsions as new chromatographic phases

“…In concrete and according to both the distance and the clustering criteria, the biological systems that probably will be best emulated by the lecithin systems are toxicity to tadpoles and skin partition. Our group of research has recently reported a method using MEKC to surrogate the toxicity to tadpoles [13] and other species [23] and a method using RPLC to surrogate skin partition [24]. The RPLC method uses a C18 stationary phase and 10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7) :…”