Beyond Wires and Seeds: Reflector-guided Breast Lesion Localization and Excision

Abstract

Purpose To evaluate outcomes of Savi Scout (Cianna Medical, Aliso Viejo, Calif) reflector-guided localization and excision of breast lesions by analyzing reflector placement, localization, and removal, along with target excision and rates of repeat excision (referred to as re-excision). Materials and Methods A single-institution retrospective review of 100 women who underwent breast lesion localization and excision by using the Savi Scout surgical guidance system from June 2015 to May 2016 was performed. By using image guidance 0-8 days before surgery, 123 nonradioactive, infrared-activated, electromagnetic wave reflectors were percutaneously inserted adjacent to or within 111 breast targets. Twenty patients had two or three reflectors placed for bracketing or for localizing multiple lesions, and when ipsilateral, they were placed as close as 2.6 cm apart. Target and reflector were localized intraoperatively by one of two breast surgeons who used a handpiece that emitted infrared light and electromagnetic waves. Radiographs of the specimen and pathologic analysis helped verify target and reflector removal. Target to reflector distance was measured on the mammogram and radiograph of the specimen, and reflector depth was measured on the mammogram. Pathologic analysis was reviewed. Re-excision rates and complications were recorded. By using statistics software, descriptive statistics were generated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated. Results By using sonographic (40 of 123; 32.5%; 95% CI: 24.9%, 41.2%) or mammographic (83 of 123; 67.5%; 95% CI: 58.8% 75.1%) guidance, 123 (100%; 95% CI: 96.4%, 100%) reflectors were placed. Mean mammographic target to reflector distance was 0.3 cm. All 123 (100%; 95% CI: 96.4%, 100%) targets and reflectors were excised. Pathologic analysis yielded 54 of 110 malignancies (49.1%; 95% CI: 39.9%, 58.3%; average, 1.0 cm; range, 0.1-5 cm), 32 high-risk lesions (29.1%; 95% CI: 21.4%, 38.2%), and 24 benign lesions (21.8%; 95% CI: 115.1%, 30.4%). Four of 54 malignant cases (7.4%; 95% CI: 2.4%, 18.1%) demonstrated margins positive for cancer that required re-excision. Five of 110 radiographs of the specimen (4.5%; 95% CI: 1.7%, 10.4%) demonstrated increased distance between the target and reflector distance of greater than 1.0 cm (range, 1.1-2.6 cm) compared with postprocedure mammogram the day of placement, three of five were associated with hematomas, two of five migrated without identifiable cause. No related postoperative complications were identified. Conclusion Savi Scout is an accurate, reliable method to localize and excise breast lesions with acceptable margin positivity and re-excision rates. Bracketing is possible with reflectors as close as 2.6 cm. Savi Scout overcomes many limitations of other localization methods, which warrants further study. RSNA, 2017.

Tissue marker migration after MRI‐guided breast biopsy: Migration frequency and associated factors

“…Newer localization technologies are available, such as radioactive seeds, reflector‐guided localization, and magnetic seeds. These devices range in size from 4.5 to 12 mm . Studies show positive margins for reflector and radioactive seed systems of 7%‐8% when the localization device was ≤1 cm from the target .…”

“…These devices range in size from 4.5 to 12 mm . Studies show positive margins for reflector and radioactive seed systems of 7%‐8% when the localization device was ≤1 cm from the target . Caution should be exercised when placing these devices >1 cm from the target biopsy site, in cases of clip migration .…”

“…[12][13][14] Studies show positive margins for reflector and radioactive seed systems of 7%-8% when the localization device was ≤1 cm from the target. [13][14][15] Caution should be exercised when placing these devices >1 cm from the target biopsy site, in cases of clip migration. 13 Additionally, the presence of post-biopsy hematoma may obscure the percutaneous signal of these localization devices or result in migration of the device.…”

“…[13][14][15] Caution should be exercised when placing these devices >1 cm from the target biopsy site, in cases of clip migration. 13 Additionally, the presence of post-biopsy hematoma may obscure the percutaneous signal of these localization devices or result in migration of the device. 13,16 These considerations are important, because post-biopsy hematoma may be the localization target in cases of clip migration.…”

“…13 Additionally, the presence of post-biopsy hematoma may obscure the percutaneous signal of these localization devices or result in migration of the device. 13,16 These considerations are important, because post-biopsy hematoma may be the localization target in cases of clip migration. Traditional wire localization may be the better alternative in these cases.…”