Prevalence of drugs in oral fluid from truck drivers in Brazilian highways

Bombana, Henrique Silva; Gjerde, Hallvard; Santos, Marcelo Filonzi dos; Jamt, Ragnhild Elén Gjulem; Yonamine, Maurı́cio; Rohlfs, Waldo José Caram; Muñoz, Daniel Romero; Leyton, Vilma

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.02.023

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Girotto et al 12 reported similar results in truck drivers from the port of Paranagua, concluding that those most susceptible to the use of illicit psychoactive substances were those who were younger, who had irregular working hours, who were single and who normally traveled long distances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Immunoassay screening tests were carried out, and the positive results were confirmed by mass spectrometry using previously described methodologies. 10,12…”

Section: Toxicological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precarious working conditions and the need to combat tiredness were the main justifications for the use of these drugs. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Consuming alcoholic beverages, driving at night, traveling long distances, and having short rest periods and few hours of sleep were the main factors associated with the use of psychoactive substances. 8,12,13 Thus, it is important that, in addition to detecting the use of these substances and their influence on the increased risk of traffic accidents, their association with other risk factors for driver health is also assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers

Pereira¹,

Mansur²,

Takada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables and risk factors for CVD were associated with drug use. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out.Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs.Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Immunoassay screening tests were carried out, and the positive results were confirmed by mass spectrometry using previously described methodologies. 10,12…”

Section: Toxicological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers

Pereira¹,

Mansur²,

Takada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…13 There are also reports that cocaine use and abuse are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), coronary artery spasm, arrhythmias, acute myocardial infarction (MI), cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. 14 In turn, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main active component of marijuana, causes an acute dosedependent increase in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate. A review explored a series of studies on the topic, and there was evidence to suggest that increasing the frequency of marijuana use increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and MI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers in the state of São Paulo: A cross-sectional study.

Pereira

Mansur

Takada

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables, risk factors for CVD, use of illicit drugs were analyzed. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out. Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs. Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

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“…Although hair analysis offers a large detection window for many substances, the positivity rate found was lower than that revealed by previous research in which oral fluid or urine samples were collected randomly from professional drivers on Brazilian roads. For instance, the positivity rates for cannabinoids, cocaine and amphetamines taken together varied from 5.2% using oral fluid to 8.1–9.3% in urine samples .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%