“…This chitosan nanoparticle system carrying DNA not only improved the water solubility upon PEG addition, but also showed low cytotoxicity towards normal HEK 293 (Human embryonic kidney cells 293) cells. A recent study demonstrated the use of transferrin (Tf)-functionalized chitosan nanoparticles, where PEG was used to conjugate Tf onto chitosan [52]. Thus, PEG modification is an important step in designing water-soluble, long-circulating, and target-specific nanoparticles.…”
Section: Chitosan As Gene Delivery Vehicle For Cancer Therapymentioning
Chitosan is a versatile polysaccharide of biological origin. Due to the biocompatible and biodegradable nature of chitosan, it is intensively utilized in biomedical applications in scaffold engineering as an absorption enhancer, and for bioactive and controlled drug release. In cancer therapy, chitosan has multifaceted applications, such as assisting in gene delivery and chemotherapeutic delivery, and as an immunoadjuvant for vaccines. The present review highlights the recent applications of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in cancer therapy.
“…This chitosan nanoparticle system carrying DNA not only improved the water solubility upon PEG addition, but also showed low cytotoxicity towards normal HEK 293 (Human embryonic kidney cells 293) cells. A recent study demonstrated the use of transferrin (Tf)-functionalized chitosan nanoparticles, where PEG was used to conjugate Tf onto chitosan [52]. Thus, PEG modification is an important step in designing water-soluble, long-circulating, and target-specific nanoparticles.…”
Section: Chitosan As Gene Delivery Vehicle For Cancer Therapymentioning
Chitosan is a versatile polysaccharide of biological origin. Due to the biocompatible and biodegradable nature of chitosan, it is intensively utilized in biomedical applications in scaffold engineering as an absorption enhancer, and for bioactive and controlled drug release. In cancer therapy, chitosan has multifaceted applications, such as assisting in gene delivery and chemotherapeutic delivery, and as an immunoadjuvant for vaccines. The present review highlights the recent applications of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in cancer therapy.
“…Pure paclitaxel with a concentration of 0.28 ug / ml reduce cell viability CT26-CEA; while paclitaxel was released by nano-polyelectrolyte-PEG reduce cell viability CT26-CEA at a concentration of 0.014 µg / ml. This indicates that the nano-encapsulation paclitaxel-PEG Nanomaterial is used for encapsulation paclitaxel to speed up the release of the drug brush [25]. Within the duration of 24 hours, at pH of 5.6 about 11.2% from 13.1% paclitaxel that was delivered by nano-PEG-folic acid has reached the target cell.…”
Paclitaxel is one of the cancer drugs that often used. These drug kills cancer cells byinhibiting mitotic cycle. The efficiency of paclitaxel is increased by the use ofnanomaterials as a carrier of paclitaxel. Nanomaterials can enhance encapsulationefficiency, improve the drug release to the target cell following nanomaterialdegradation, and improve local accumulation of drug in the cell through endocytosisreceptor. Nanomaterial that often used forencapsulation of paclitaxel is a polymerderived from natural resources such as cellulose. The advantages of cellulose as acarrier of paclitaxel are nontoxic, biodegradable, and very abundant from varioussources. One of the potential sources of cellulose for drug delivery system is cassavabaggase.Keywords: Paclitaxel, encapsulation, cell viability, nanocellulose
“…The results showed that the uptake of transferrin‐modified nanoparticles was higher than nontargeted nanoparticles. Moreover, the modified nanoparticles exhibited higher cytotoxicity against human nonsmall cell lung cancer cell lines and lower hemolytic toxicity than the free drug form (Nag, Gajbhiye, Kesharwani, & Jain, ). More significantly, it has also been reported that transferrin receptor‐targeted nanotherapeutics enable the transport of cargoes across the blood–brain barrier for the treatment of brain cancer (Clark & Davis, ; Ulbrich, Hekmatara, Herbert, & Kreuter, ).…”
Section: Two Targeting Strategies Are Used For In Vivo Drug Deliverymentioning
Cancer remains one of the world's leading causes of death. However, most conventional chemotherapeutic drugs only show a narrow therapeutic window in patients because of their inability to discriminate cancer cells from healthy cells. Nanoparticle-based therapeutics (termed nanotherapeutics) have emerged as potential solutions to mitigate many obstacles posed by these free drugs. Deep insights into knowledge of the tumor microenvironment and materials science make it possible to construct nanotherapeutics that are able to release cargoes in response to a variety of internal stimuli and external triggers. Therefore, such highly sophisticated nanosystems could help impede the premature release of toxic drugs in the blood circulation or healthy tissues, thus enhancing the safety profiles of encapsulated drugs. In this context, this review offers a comprehensive overview of several specific stimuli, including internal stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, enzyme, redox, and H O ) and external stimuli (e.g., magnetic, photo, and ultrasound). We envision that applications of these smart nanotherapeutics can benefit cancer patients and provide a good chance for clinical translation of many nanoparticle formulas. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Diagnostic Tools > in vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing.
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