Temporal Patterns of Influenza A and B in Tropical and Temperate Countries: What Are the Lessons for Influenza Vaccination?

Caini, Saverio; Andrade, Winston; Badur, Selim; Balmaseda, Ángel; Barakat, Amal; Bella, Antonino; Bimohuen, Abderrahman; Brammer, Lynnette; Bresee, Joseph S.; Bruno, Alfredo; Castillo, Leticia; Cıblak, Meral A.; Clara, Alexey; Cohen, Cheryl; Cutter, Jeffery; Coulibaly, Daouda; Lozano, Celina de; Mora, Doménica de; Dorji, Kunzang; Emukule, Gideon O.; Fasce, Rodrigo; Feng, Luzhao; Almeida, Walquíria Aparecida Ferreira de; Guiomar, Raquel; Heraud, Jean‐Michel; Holubka, Olha; Huang, Q. Sue; Kadjo, Hervé A.; Kiyanbekova, Lyazzat; Kosasih, Herman; Kusznierz, Gabriela; Lara, Jenny; Li, Ming; Lopez, Liza; Hoang, Phuong Vu Mai; Henriques, Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha; Matute, María Luisa; Mironenko, Alla; Moreno, Brechla; Mott, Joshua A.; Njouom, Richard; Nurhayati, .; Ospanova, Akerke; Owen, Rhonda; Pebody, Richard; Pennington, Kate; Puzelli, Simona; Le, Mai Thi Quynh; Razanajatovo, Norosoa Harline; Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Rudi, Juan Manuel; Lin, Raymond Tzer Pin; Venter, Marietjie; Vernet, Marie‐Astrid; Wangchuk, Sonam; Yang, Juan; Yu, Hongjie; Zambon, Maria; Schellevis, François G.; Paget, John; Study, Global Influenza B

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152310

Cited by 66 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…However, this relative incidence pattern can vary across different regions of the world,52 although our finding is comparable to results from France, where influenza B peaked an average of 3.8 weeks later than influenza A 53…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Moa

Muscatello

Turner

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundInfluenza B is characterised by two antigenic lineages: B/Victoria and B/Yamagata. These lineages circulate together with influenza A during influenza seasons, with varying incidence from year to year and by geographic region.ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiology of influenza B relative to influenza A in Australia.MethodsLaboratory‐confirmed influenza notifications between 2001 and 2014 in Australia were obtained from the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.ResultsA total of 278 485 laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases were notified during the study period, comprising influenza A (82.2%), B (17.1%) and ‘other and untyped’ (0.7%). The proportion of notifications that were influenza B was highest in five‐ to nine‐year‐olds (27.5%) and lowest in persons aged 85 years and over (11.5%). Of all B notifications with lineage determined, 77.1% were B/Victoria and 22.9% were B/Yamagata infections. Mismatches between the dominant B lineage in a season and the trivalent vaccine B lineage occurred in over one‐third of seasons during the study years. In general, influenza B notifications peaked later than influenza A notifications.ConclusionThe proportion of circulating influenza B in Australia during 2001‐2014 was slightly lower than the global average and was dominated by B/Victoria. Compared with influenza A, influenza B infection was more common among older children and young adults and less common in the very elderly. Influenza B lineage mismatch with the trivalent vaccine occurred about one‐third of the time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Moa

Muscatello

Turner

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…In the tropics, seasons are not that well marked resulting in a less predictable seasonal dynamics. There are reports of semi-annual or year-round influenza activity [8, 9]. Studies of influenza in the tropics started recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of influenza in Brazil: the latitude effect

2018

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BackgroundInfluenza is a global transmissible disease. Its dynamics is far better understood in temperate climates than in the tropics. We aim to close this knowledge gap between tropical and temperate regions by showing how the influenza seasonality evolves in Brazil, a tropical country that encompasses a wide range of latitudes and six climatic sub-types.MethodsWe analyzed a state-level, weekly Syndrome of Acute Respiratory Disease (SARI) incidence data ranging from 2010 to 2016. We combined two techniques hierarchically: first the wavelet decomposition technique to detect annual periodicity and then circular statistics to describe seasonal measures of the periodic states.ResultsWe found significant annual periodicity in 44% of the states. For these, we calculated several seasonal measures such as the center of gravity or mean timing of activity. The relationship between the seasonal signatures and latitude was clear and statistically significant. States with seasonal signature are clustered along the coast. Most Amazonian and Central West states exhibit no seasonal behavior. Among the seasonal states, influenza starts in Northeast region, spreading southbound.ConclusionsOur study advances the comprehension of influenza seasonality in tropical areas and could be used to design more effective prevention and control strategies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3484-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…These data agree with the data of Nascimento‐Carvalho et al who found a predominance of influenza during the rainy, summer, and fall seasons, in the city of Salvador, Brazil. On the other hand, Caini et al demonstrated that influenza cases peaked between June and September (dry season), in countries of the Southern hemisphere, including south and southeast Brazil. Regarding the seasonality of RSV, Bouzas et al analyzed the incidence of RSV associated with seasonal distribution in the city of Salvador, Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of rhinovirus infection in children with community‐acquired pneumonia from a city in the Brazilian pre‐Amazon region

Ferreira

Costa

Cariolano

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of child death worldwide. Viruses are the most common pathogens associated with CAP in children, but their incidence varies greatly. This study investigated the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV‐OC43 and HCoV‐NL63), and influenza A virus (FluA) in children with CAP and the contributing risk factors. Here, children with acute respiratory infections were screened by pediatrics; and a total of 150 radiographically‐confirmed CAP patients (aged 3 months to 10 years) from two clinical centers in Sao Luis, Brazil were recruited. Patient's clinical and epidemiological data were recorded. Nasopharyngeal swab and tracheal aspirate samples were collected to extract viral nucleic acid. RSV, adenovirus, rhinovirus, FluA, HMPV, HCoV‐OC43, and HCoV‐NL63 were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The severe CAP was associated with ages between 3 and 12 months. Viruses were detected in 43% of CAP patients. Rhinovirus infections were the most frequently identified (68%). RSV, adenovirus, FluA, and coinfections were identified in 14%, 14%, 5%, and 15% of children with viral infection, respectively. Rhinovirus was associated with nonsevere CAP (P = .014); RSV, FluA, and coinfections were associated with severe CAP (P < .05). New strategies for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory infections, mainly rhinovirus and RSV infections, are necessary.

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Temporal Patterns of Influenza A and B in Tropical and Temperate Countries: What Are the Lessons for Influenza Vaccination?

Cited by 66 publications

References 27 publications

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Epidemiology of influenza B in Australia: 2001‐2014 influenza seasons

Seasonal dynamics of influenza in Brazil: the latitude effect

High incidence of rhinovirus infection in children with community‐acquired pneumonia from a city in the Brazilian pre‐Amazon region

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