BackgroundInfluenza is a global transmissible disease. Its dynamics is far better understood in temperate climates than in the tropics. We aim to close this knowledge gap between tropical and temperate regions by showing how the influenza seasonality evolves in Brazil, a tropical country that encompasses a wide range of latitudes and six climatic sub-types.MethodsWe analyzed a state-level, weekly Syndrome of Acute Respiratory Disease (SARI) incidence data ranging from 2010 to 2016. We combined two techniques hierarchically: first the wavelet decomposition technique to detect annual periodicity and then circular statistics to describe seasonal measures of the periodic states.ResultsWe found significant annual periodicity in 44% of the states. For these, we calculated several seasonal measures such as the center of gravity or mean timing of activity. The relationship between the seasonal signatures and latitude was clear and statistically significant. States with seasonal signature are clustered along the coast. Most Amazonian and Central West states exhibit no seasonal behavior. Among the seasonal states, influenza starts in Northeast region, spreading southbound.ConclusionsOur study advances the comprehension of influenza seasonality in tropical areas and could be used to design more effective prevention and control strategies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3484-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Resumo Este trabalho apresenta resultados preliminares da pesquisa "Formação de tecnólogos em saúde no Brasil: tendências, situação atual e a relação quantidade-qualidade". Inicialmente, são analisados dados dos censos da educação superior (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006), buscando-se identificar as principais características da evolução da oferta dos cursos de formação de tecnólogos em saúde, destacando-se o caráter privado da explosão da oferta, a partir, principalmente, dos primeiros anos deste século e, como consequência, da reforma da educação profissional dos anos 1990, no Brasil. Em seguida, apresentam-se questões sobre o perfil do tecnólogo, sobre as características históricas desses cursos e a pertinência de sua oferta na área da saúde, comparando-se as especificidades da formação do técnico, do tecnólogo e do bacharel. Como conclusão, são assinalados indicativos para a continuidade desta pesquisa, com vistas à realização de estudos comparados sobre a formação de tecnólogos em saúde no Brasil e em outros países. Palavras-chave formação de tecnólogos; cursos superiores de tecnologia; saúde; educação profissional tecnológica. Abstract This paper presents preliminary results of the research "Health technologists' education in Brazil: trends, current scenario and amount/quality relationship". At first, data from college education censuses are analyzed (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006), aiming at the identification of the main characteristics of the development of the offer of health technologists' education courses, being emphasized the private character of the offer explosion, mainly from the first years of the century on, and, as a consequence, the remodeling of the professional education of the 90s, in Brazil. After that, questions regarding the profile of the technologist are presented, as well as the historical characteristics of these courses and the pertinence of their offer within the health area, comparing the specificities of the technician's, the technologist's and the bachelor's education. As a conclusion, indications for the continuity of this research are pointed out, aiming at carrying out compared studies on the education of health technologists in Brazil and in other countries. O ENSINO COMO NEGÓCIO
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