Analysis of TTSuV1b antibody in porcine serum and its correlation with four antibodies against common viral infectious diseases

Abstract

BackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between Torque teno sus virus 1b (TTSuV1b) infection and other viral infections or vaccine immunization in conventional pigs.MethodsWith overexpressed and purified viral protein TTSuV1b as antigen, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for detecting TTSuV1b antibody was established, which demonstrated great specificity and reproducibility. Porcine serum samples (n = 212) were tested using ELISA. Meanwhile, the antibodies against Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), Pseudorabies Virus (PRV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), and Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV2) were also examined using the commercial kits.ResultsStatistical analysis indicated that the level of anti-TTSuV1b antibody was positively correlated with the level of anti-PCV2 antibody in a lesser extent; the level of antibodies against TTSuV1b or PCV2 were significantly lower in porcine serum with low level of TTSuV1b virus, implicating the potential consistency and synchronization in the mechanism of TTSuV1b and PCV2 infection. Whereas, antibodies against PRRSV or CSFV showed no statistical significance on comparison with anti-TTSuV1b antibody, implicating that in conventional pigs, the antibody level for PRRSV and CSFV were not significantly influenced by TTSuV1b infection.ConclusionIn conclusion, examination of anti-TTSuV1b antibody in porcine serum with the presently established ELISA method would serve as a supplementary approach for etiological investigation, and the combined statistical analysis of the antibodies against four other viruses might help to further understand the TTSuV1b infection as well as its pathogenicity.

Immune gene expression in swine macrophages expressing the Torque Teno Sus Virus1 (TTSuV1) ORF-1 and 2 proteins

“…We recently found that the prevalence of TTSuV1 in swine with manifested clinical signs of the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is approximately 85-90%, while the baseline prevalence rate was only about 55% (Rammohan et al, 2012). Others have also reported strong epidemiological associations of TTSuVs with pathogens like swine influenza, the porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome virus and especially porcine circovirus strain 2 (PCV2) (Aramouni et al, 2013; Aramouni et al, 2011; Blomstrom et al, 2010; Lee et al, 2015; Li et al, 2015). In experimental studies, infection with TTSuV1 induced lung and kidney lesions in gnotobiotic swine (Krakowka and Ellis, 2008), while co-infections with other viruses exacerbated clinical signs (Ellis et al, 2008; Krakowka et al, 2008), indicating that TTSuVs can act as primary or co-infecting pathogens in swine.…”