Erosive potential of soft drinks on human enamel: An in vitro study

Wang, Yin‐Lin; Chang, Chia-Chieh; Chi, Chih‐Wen; Chang, Hao-Hueng; Chiang, Yu‐Chih; Chuang, Yueh-Chiao; Chang, Hung‐Hao; Huang, Guan‐Tarn; Liao, Yunn‐Shiuan; Lin, Chun‐Pin

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2014.06.002

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The importance of these acidity measurements is to show that all ED have a high content of acidic substances, and these substances can erode the enamel. A study by Wang et al 8 reported the pH values of several soft drinks, with values very similar to those of our study, which ranged from 2.42 to 3.46. An important consideration is that acidity values are not specified on the ED packaging in order to warn consumers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Erosive effect of energy drinks alone and mixed with alcohol on human enamel surface. An in vitro study.

Beltrán

Cardona

2017

J Oral Res

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Objective: To assess the erosive effect of energy drinks (ED) alone and mixed with alcohol on the human enamel surface in vitro. Methods: Twenty non-erupted human third molars were vertically sectioned in half. Specimens were exposed to 5mL of ED plus 5mL of artificial saliva or 5mL of ED plus 5mL of artificial saliva plus 5mL of alcohol (Pisco). Exposure times were set at 30min and 60min. Erosive assessments were made using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The ED analyzed were Mr. Big, Kem Extreme, Red Bull, and Monster Energy. ED pH measurements were performed at 25°C and titration was done with NaOH 0.1mol/L. Results:The pH ranges were: ED alone 2.55 to 3.46, ED mixed with artificial saliva 2.60 to 3.55, ED mixed with Pisco 2.82 to 3.70, and ED mixed with both 2.92 to 3.86.The pH of Pisco was 6.13, and Pisco mixed with artificial saliva had a pH of 6.23.Titration showed a pH range from 3.5 to 5.7. SEM-EDS analysis showed that Mr.Big and Monster led to clear demineralization at 30 min and remineralization at 60m in. Pisco slightly decreased the erosive effect of these ED. Kem Xtreme and Red Bull led to no demineralization in the first hour. Conclusion: According to the pH, acidity and EDS analysis, the ED of the present study likely caused enamel erosion in human teeth surface dependent on exposure time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Erosive effect of energy drinks alone and mixed with alcohol on human enamel surface. An in vitro study.

Beltrán

Cardona

2017

J Oral Res

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“…6,10,15,[25][26][27][28] Other inherent beverage's factors such as acidity, mineral content, adherence to the tooth surface and chelation of calcium property may help to explain the wear differences promoted by the three drinks. 1,10,11,15,25,26 The presence of different kinds of acids may also help to explain the differences in the erosive potential established between the three beverages. Coca -Cola ® has phosphoric acid in its composition while Fanta ® Orange and Lipton ® Ice Tea Lemon have citric acid, according to information obtained from the manufacturers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intraoral pH which is generally 6.8, decreases to less than 5.2 just 3 minutes after the consumption of the soft drink. 21,25,26 After drink ingestion, an increase in salivary flow occurs. The bicarbonate levels in saliva are positively correlated to the salivary flow rate, which means that a higher saliva flow leads to a higher pH and higher buffering capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greater the ability to titrate the beverage, the greater the time necessary for the saliva to neutralize the acid. 1,6,14,21,23,[25][26][27] In a similar study,15 the authors evaluated the mineral loss caused by soft drinks, using microanalysis performed by an electronic probe at various depths as an evaluation method. In that study, enamel slabs were immersed for 6 hours in many beverages, namely, Coca -Cola ® (pH 2.3) and Lipton ® Ice Tea Lemon (pH 2.9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another in vitro study, 26 the authors evaluated the erosive potential of different soft drinks in Taiwan, using a novel multiple -erosive method. The results revealed that the pH values of the soft drinks were below the critical pH value (5.5) for enamel demineralization and that exposure to all the soft drinks resulted in the loss of human enamel surface (7.28 and 34.07 mm for a 180 -minute exposure).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

In vitro evaluation of the effect of soft drinks on dental erosion

Lopes¹,

Pereira²,

Salgado³

et al. 2017

j.rpemd

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Ultrastructural changes in the cemento‐enamel junction caused by acidic beverages: An in vitro study

Mitić

Gasic

Barac

et al. 2019

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The present in vitro study was aimed at evaluating the morphological changes in the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) after exposure to acidic beverages using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The initial pH and titratable acidity (TA) was analyzed from follow groups: (I) Coca cola, (II) orange juice, (III) Cedevita, (IV) Red Bull, (V) Somersby cider, and (VI) white wine. The CEJ samples (n = 64), obtained from unerupted third molars, were allocated to one control (artificial saliva, n = 16) and six experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental samples were immersed in beverages (50 ml) for 15 min, three times daily, 10 days, and in artificial saliva between immersions. SEM analysis was performed in a blind manner, according to scoring scale. One‐way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests, as well as Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U test used for statistical analysis. The pH values of the acidic beverages ranged from 2.65 (Coca cola) to 3.73 (orange juice), and TA ranged from 1.90 ml (Coca cola) to 5.70 ml (orange juice) of NaOH to reach pH 7.0. The SEM analysis indicated statistically significant differences between the control samples and those immersed in acidic beverages. The Groups IV, I, and II, showed the highest CEJ damage grade while those of the Group VI were the lowest. All the tested acidic beverages caused morphological changes in the CEJ with a smaller or larger exposure of dentine surface, and were not always related to the pH or TA of acidic beverages.

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Erosive potential of soft drinks on human enamel: An in vitro study

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Erosive effect of energy drinks alone and mixed with alcohol on human enamel surface. An in vitro study.

Erosive effect of energy drinks alone and mixed with alcohol on human enamel surface. An in vitro study.

In vitro evaluation of the effect of soft drinks on dental erosion

Ultrastructural changes in the cemento‐enamel junction caused by acidic beverages: An in vitro study

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