Presence of<i>Salmonella</i>Enteritidis and<i>Salmonella</i>Gallinarum in Commercial Laying Hens Diagnosed with Fowl Typhoid Disease in Colombia

Pulido-Landínez, Martha; Sanchez-Ingunza, Roxana; Guard, Jean; Nascimento, Vladimir Pinheiro do

doi:10.1637/10598-062613-case.1

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Such host adaptations may well be occurring at some of the farms where we collected SE from local mice, with important consequences for the safety and security of the poultry supply chain. Notably, serovars Enteritidis, Gallinarum, and Pullorum can circulate within the same farm, and sometimes within the same bird, as evidenced by field analyses conducted in South America (46). Therefore, WGS also has potential for detecting evolutionary trends within SE that could threaten the poultry industry supply chain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequence analysis of 91SalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from mice caught on poultry farms in the mid 1990s

Guard

Cao

Luo

et al. 2018

Preprint

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20advances understanding of SE and the role mice may play in SE contamination and 44 spread among poultry population. Our data was able to identify SE isolates from 45 different farms or years of collection. Moreover, the annotations of clade-defining SNPs 46 provided information about possible protein functions among these SE isolates from 47 each subgroup. Clade-defining or farm-unique biomarkers were useful for rapid 48 detection and outbreak investigations. 49 homogeneous isolates (1, 7, 15). Application of WGS have also been useful in other 74 microorganisms, including E. coli (16), Vibrio cholera (17), and Staphylococcus aureus 75 (18). 76 Importantly, WGS can be also applied to historic isolates, some of which have been 77 stored for decades. Data from those historic isolates should allow us to understand the 78 origin and persistence of important traits. In this current project, we sequenced 91 SE 79 isolated from 82 mice at poultry farms during the 1990s, which lets us to compare both 80 site and host-adaptions with those of isolates from more recent sampling. Documenting 81 these genomes and fitting them into large-scale phylogeny projects such as 82 GenomeTrakr 83 (https://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodScienceResearch/WholeGenomeSequencingProgram 84 WGS/ucm363134.htm) and NCBI Pathogen Detection Isolates Browser 85 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/) will refine our understanding of SE 86 contamination and spread in poultry facilities (19). Further, identifying and 87 characterizing biomarkers can facilitate the development of rapid and reliable tests that 88 could guide appropriate interventions during future outbreaks. 89 6 Materials and Methods 90 Bacterial isolates 91 Ninety-one SE isolates from mouse spleens (n=62) and intestines (n=29), collected 92 from 15 poultry farms in Pennsylvania during 1995-1998, are listed in Table 1. Among 93 these isolates, eight pairs were isolated from the spleen and intestine of the same 94 mouse; these were designated as m1 through m8. These isolates are archived under 95 Bioproject Number PRJNA186035 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/186035). 96 Whole genome sequencing and assembly 97Genomic DNA was extracted after incubation of culture for 16 hours at 37 ºC in 98Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen Inc, 99

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequence analysis of 91SalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from mice caught on poultry farms in the mid 1990s

Guard

Cao

Luo

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Enteritidis and S . Typhimurium from FT cases assumes significance from public health point of view [26,27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum from poultry in some parts of Haryana, India

Arora¹,

Kumar²,

Jindal³

et al. 2015

Vet World

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Aim: The present study was investigated to ascertain the epidemiological status of fowl typhoid (FT) in broilers in some parts of Haryana during January 2011 to December 2013. Materials and Methods:To elucidate the epidemiological status of FT in broiler chickens for the 3 years (2011)(2012)(2013) and to study the prevalence of various Salmonella serovars in poultry on the basis of culture characteristics, biochemical features, serotyping, and their antibiogram profile from some parts of Haryana (India). Results: A total of 309 outbreaks of FT were recorded in chickens during this period. Overall percent morbidity, mortality, case-fatality rate (CFR) in broiler chicks due to FT during this period was 9.45, 6.77, and 71.55. The yearly observations were divided into quarters A (January-March), B (April-June), C (July-September) and D (October-December). Maximum number of outbreaks -106 (34.3%) was recorded in quarter D followed by quarters B -84 (27.3%), C -64 (20.7%), and A -55 (17.7%). Salmonella isolates (253) were recovered from disease outbreaks in broilers from different parts of Haryana. Typical morphology and colony characters on MacConkeys Lactose Agar and Brilliant Green agar, biochemical reactions, serotyping along with antibiogram profiles were able to group these isolates into 3 groups namely Salmonella Gallinarum (183), Salmonella Enteritidis (41) and Salmonella Typhimurium (29). The antibiogram pattern of 183 isolates of S. Gallinarum revealed that most of the isolates were sensitive to gentamicin (76%) followed by amikacin (72%), kanamycin (71%). Conclusion: FT is prevalent in commercial broiler flocks in different parts of Haryana and is responsible for considerably high morbidity and mortality in affected flocks. Isolation of S. Gallinarum (9, 12:183) from FT cases suggest it to be the primary pathogen, however, isolation of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis from these cases is a major concern. The detection of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium from FT cases assumes significance from public health point of view.

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“…Layer hens environmentally infected with Salmonella Kentucky, for example, mitigated Salmonella Enteritidis colonisation of internal organs [ 21 ]. In addition, coinfection of layer hens with Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Isangi has recently been shown to enhance disease in infected birds [ 22 ]. To date, there have been limited studies investigating how co-infection affects the dynamics of Salmonella Typhimurium shedding as well as host responses to infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating bacterial shedding with fecal corticosterone levels and serological responses from layer hens experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium

Sharma

Pande

Moyle

et al. 2017

Vet Res

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Salmonella Enteriditis and Salmonella Typhimurium are commonly isolated during egg-related outbreaks of salmonellosis and represent a significant international public health issue. In Australia, Salmonella Typhimurium is the most common serovar identified in egg product related foodborne outbreaks. While a number of studies have investigated Salmonella shedding and host responses to infection, they have been conducted over a short time period. The present study sought to characterise bacterial shedding and host responses to infection in hens infected with only Salmonella Typhimurium or co-infected with both Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Mbandaka over a 16 week period. Salmonella shedding was quantified using the most probable number and qPCR methods and was highly variable over the course of the experiment. On day 1, fecal corticosterone metabolites in birds infected with Salmonella Typhimurium (674.2 ± 109.3 pg/mg) were significantly higher than control (238.0 ± 12.62 pg/mg) or co-infected (175.4 ± 8.58 pg/mg) birds. The onset of lay occurred between weeks 6–8 post-infection (pi) and Fecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) concentrations increased in both control and co-infected birds. Antibody responses to infection were monitored in both serum and yolk samples. Salmonella Typhimurium specific antibody was lower in co-infected animals than monoinfected animals. Bacterial loads in internal organs were characterised to determine persistence. Spleen, liver and caecal tonsils were positive for bacteria in both groups, indicating that Salmonella was not cleared from the birds and internal organ colonization could serve as a reservoir for continued bacterial shedding.

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Presence ofSalmonellaEnteritidis andSalmonellaGallinarum in Commercial Laying Hens Diagnosed with Fowl Typhoid Disease in Colombia

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Whole genome sequence analysis of 91SalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from mice caught on poultry farms in the mid 1990s

Whole genome sequence analysis of 91SalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from mice caught on poultry farms in the mid 1990s

Prevalence and epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum from poultry in some parts of Haryana, India

Correlating bacterial shedding with fecal corticosterone levels and serological responses from layer hens experimentally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium

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