Toxoplasma gondii: Protective immunity induced by rhoptry protein 9 (TgROP9) against acute toxoplasmosis

Chen, Jia; Zhou, Dong‐Hui; Li, Zhongyuan; Petersen, Eskild; Huang, Si-Yang; Song, Hui-Qun; Zhu, Xing‐Quan

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2014.02.016

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Further analyses of the IgG subclasses (IgG 1 and IgG 2a ) revealed a predominance of IgG 2a over IgG 1 , indicating that pVAX-EF-1α could elicit a Th1-biased humoral immune response, which is considered to play a critical role in the protective immunity against T. gondii [ 30 , 31 ]. This result is consistent with those described in previous studies [ 31 – 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In this acute infection model, mice immunized with pVAX-EF-1α had a significantly prolonged survival time, demonstrating the protective efficacy of this vaccine, which was similar to the results of previous studies employing several other single gene DNA vaccines [ 25 , 45 , 67 ]. but it is not as good as that of other pVAX vaccination candidates such as pVAX-eIF4A [ 68 ], pVAX-ROP9 [ 33 ] and pVAX-ROP8 [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protective immunity against acute toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice induced by a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii elongation factor 1-alpha

Wang

Sun

et al. 2015

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundToxoplasma gondii can infect almost all warm-blood animals including human beings. The high incidence and severe damage that can be caused by T. gondii infection clearly indicates the need for the development of a vaccine. T. gondii elongation factor 1-alpha (TgEF-1α) plays an important role in pathogenesis and host cell invasion for this parasite. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding TgEF-1α gene against acute T. gondii infection in mice.MethodsA DNA vaccine (pVAX-EF-1α) encoding T. gondii EF-1a (TgEF-1α) gene was constructed and its immune response and protective efficacy against lethal challenge in BALB/c mice were evaluated.ResultsMice inoculated with the pVAX-EF-1α vaccine had a high level of specific anti-T. gondii antibodies and produced high levels of IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17. The expression levels of MHC-I and MHC-II molecules as well as the percentages of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mice vaccinated with pVAX-EF-1α were significantly increased (p < 0.05), compared with those in all the mice from control groups (blank control, PBS, and pVAXI). Immunization with pVAX-EF-1α significantly (p < 0.05) prolonged mouse survival time to 14.1 ± 1.7 days after challenge infection with the virulent T. gondii RH strain, compared with mice in the control groups which died within 8 days.ConclusionsDNA vaccination with pVAX-EF-1α triggered strong humoral and cellular responses and induced effective protection in mice against acute T. gondii infection, indicating that TgEF-1α is a promising vaccine candidate against acute toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective immunity against acute toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice induced by a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii elongation factor 1-alpha

Wang

Sun

et al. 2015

BMC Infect Dis

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“…An analysis across T. gondii DNA vaccination studies reveals that the inducement of a Th1-type cellular immune response with significantly elevated levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 does not correlate with the degree of protective outcomes in mice. This means that the level of immunogenicity is not necessarily predictive of survival rates, as can be appreciated in several recent examples [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. However, DNA vaccinations in general has shown to be effective at inducing the activation and proliferation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, along with eliciting specific antibodies essential for control of chronic infection.…”

Section: Dna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Immunotherapeutics

Lim

Othman

2014

Korean J Parasitol

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Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii is widespread globally and causes severe diseases in individuals with impaired immune defences as well as congenitally infected infants. The high prevalence rate in some parts of the world such as South America and Africa, coupled with the current drug treatments that trigger hypersensitivity reactions, makes the development of immunotherapeutics intervention a highly important research priority. Immunotherapeutics strategies could either be a vaccine which would confer a pre-emptive immunity to infection, or passive immunization in cases of disease recrudescence or recurrent clinical diseases. As the severity of clinical manifestations is often greater in developing nations, the development of well-tolerated and safe immunotherapeutics becomes not only a scientific pursuit, but a humanitarian enterprise. In the last few years, much progress has been made in vaccine research with new antigens, novel adjuvants, and innovative vaccine delivery such as nanoparticles and antigen encapsulations. A literature search over the past 5 years showed that most experimental studies were focused on DNA vaccination at 52%, followed by protein vaccination which formed 36% of the studies, live attenuated vaccinations at 9%, and heterologous vaccination at 3%; while there were few on passive immunization. Recent progress in studies on vaccination, passive immunization, as well as insights gained from these immunotherapeutics is highlighted in this review.

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“…Another risk group consists of children infected during pregnancy, depending on the gestational age at which the pregnant woman acquires the infection, the consequences may vary from death of the fetus in utero and spontaneous abortion to hydrocephalus, microcephaly, retinochoroiditis in the surviving infants ( 14 , 15 ). Moreover, the parasite causes economic losses to the livestock industry mainly among food producing animals as the infection may lead to embryonic death, abortion, mummification, still birth and neonatal loss in pregnant animals especially sheep, goats and pigs, as well as a source of transmission to humans ( 16 ). Thus, toxoplasmosis continues to be a real problem in public health and livestock husbandry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Expression of Major Surface Antigen 1 Gene of Toxoplasma gondii RH Strain Using the Expression Vector pVAX1 in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

Abdizadeh

Maraghi

Ghadiri

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic protozoan infection with a high prevalence in a broad range of hosts infecting up to one-third of the world human population. Toxoplasmosis leads to serious medical problems in immunocompromised individuals and fetuses and also induces abortion and mortality in domestic animals. Therefore, there is a huge demand for the development of an effective vaccine. Surface Antigen 1 (SAG1) is one of the important immunodominant surface antigens of Toxoplasma gondii, which interacts with host cells and primarily involved in adhesion, invasion and stimulation of host immune response. Surface antigen 1 is considered as the leading candidate for development of an effective vaccine against toxoplasmosis.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to clone the major surface antigen1 gene (SAG1) from the genotype 1 of T. gondii, RH strain into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 in order to use for a DNA vaccine.Materials and Methods:Genomic DNA was extracted from tachyzoite of the parasite using the QIAamp DNA mini kit. After designing the specific primers, SAG1 gene was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The purified PCR products were then cloned into a pPrime plasmid vector. The aforementioned product was subcloned into the pVAX1 eukaryotic expression vector. The recombinant pVAX1-SAG1 was then transfected into Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells and expression of SAG1 antigen was evaluated using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) and Western Blotting (WB).Results:The cloning and subcloning products (pPrime-SAG1 and pVAX1-SAG1 plasmid vectors) of SAG1 gene were verified and confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing. A 30 kDa recombinant protein was expressed in CHO cells as shown by IFA and WB methods.Conclusions:The pVAX1 expression vector and CHO cells are a suitable system for high-level recombinant protein production for SAG1 gene from T. gondii parasites and are promising approaches for antigen preparation in vaccine development.

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Toxoplasma gondii: Protective immunity induced by rhoptry protein 9 (TgROP9) against acute toxoplasmosis

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Protective immunity against acute toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice induced by a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii elongation factor 1-alpha

Protective immunity against acute toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice induced by a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii elongation factor 1-alpha

Recent Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Immunotherapeutics

Cloning and Expression of Major Surface Antigen 1 Gene of Toxoplasma gondii RH Strain Using the Expression Vector pVAX1 in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

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