Physical Activity versus Sedentary Behavior: Associations with Lipoprotein Particle Subclass Concentrations in Healthy Adults

Abstract

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SED) may have independent effects on health and disease. This might be due to PA and SED having distinct effects on lipoprotein metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine associations between lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations (-P) and accelerometer-measured SED and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in a sample of healthy adult subjects.MethodsLipoprotein subclass particle concentrations were determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, whereas SED and MVPA were measured using Agtigraph GT1M and GT3X+ accelerometers. We obtained valid data in 73 subjects (30 men and 43 women, age 40.5 ± 10.6 years; body mass index 24.0 ± 2.8). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine associations (partial correlations) with lipoproteins.ResultsPositive associations were detected between SED and small VLDL-P, large LDL-P and TG (partial r = 0.24 to 0.25, p < .047). Corresponding associations were non-significant for MVPA (partial r = -0.12 to 0.04, p > .355). On the contrary, MVPA was positively associated with large HDL-P, average HDL size, Apo A1 and HDL-cholesterol (partial r = 0.28 to 0.50, p < .027), whereas SED was not (partial r = -0.06 to 0.07, p > .607).ConclusionThere might be a specific effect of SED versus MVPA on lipoprotein metabolism. However, our results must be interpreted carefully due to possible effect-modification by gender and a low sample size. Thus, our findings should be viewed as preliminary.

The cross‐sectional associations between objectively measured sedentary time and cardiometabolic health markers in adults – a systematic review with meta‐analysis component

“…Thirteen papers reported a negative association between sedentary time and HDL‐C (three papers did not adjust for PA and two became non‐significant following adjustment for MVPA ). Fifteen papers reported no significant association between sedentary time and HDL‐C . Sedentary time and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) were positively associated in two papers , neither of which was adjusted for PA. Twelve papers found no significant association between sedentary time and LDL‐C .…”

“…From the included papers, 10 came from NHANES , three from AusDiab , three from the Whitehall II Study , two from HSE , two from RISC study and one each from the Generation 100 Study , EVIDENT study , Leuven Longitudinal Study on Lifestyle, Fitness and Health (LLSLFH) , Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCPIS) , International Physical Activity and the Environment Network Adult Study , New Method for Objective Measurements of Physical Activity in Daily Living study , Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and Canadian Health Measures Survey . The remaining 16 papers were all individual/stand‐alone studies . For the meta‐analysis, the aggregated sample size and mean age ( n , years) for the five included health markers were fasting glucose (25,356, 41.6), fasting insulin (10,474, 37.0), triglycerides (26,562, 42.4), HDL‐C (29,582, 46.1) and waist circumference (16,842, 44.6).…”

Circulating angiogenic cell population responses to 10 days of reduced physical activity

“…The greatest changes in physical activity in our participants were reduced time in vigorous and very vigorous activity and increased sedentary time, indicating that as prescribed, they specifically reduced time in structured, intense exercise, and as a result, spent more time being inactive. Recent studies suggest that physical activity and sedentary behavior may have independent and specific contributions to cardiometabolic disease (1,5,11,35). Therefore, more studies are necessary to explore the independent effects of increased sedentary time and decreased physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes.…”

“…Physical inactivity is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with diabetes mellitus, high cholesterol, and obesity (1,5,7,8,52). Endothelial dysfunction underlies the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disease, and recent studies show that endothelial dysfunction occurs with physical inactivity (9,10,15,24).…”

Physical activity in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: Overview updated

“…Several studies have addressed the importance of increasing physical activity levels as a public health intervention[7]. However, even though it is an important factor in primary and secondary prevention[8], the levels of compliance with the physical activity recommendations are still far from desirable[9]. Therefore, enhancing physical activity is still considered a challenge to public health.…”