Sonography of Peripheral Lymph Nodes Part 2: Doppler Criteria and Typical Findings of Distinct Entities

Rettenbacher, Thomas

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1355593

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In partial grouping, lymph nodes are joined in clusters or lined up, but the individual nodal borders are still identifiable. In complete grouping, lymph nodes appear as an ill‐defined structure with no preserved lymph‐node borders, due to enlargement of the lymph nodes and extracapsular extension of tumor growth 21 . It is impossible to describe the grouping of lymph nodes in static images or clips presenting lymph nodes without sufficient perinodal tissue.…”

Section: Vita Terms Definitions and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Doppler frequency must correspond to the required penetration depth. Pressure should be minimized, or ideally avoided completely, during Doppler examination, because blood flow may be reduced or blocked by pressure 2,21 .…”

Section: Vita Terms Definitions and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortical echogenicity is non‐homogeneous or markedly hypoechogenic compared with the adjacent soft tissue. The non‐homogeneous cortical echogenicity is explained mainly by focal changes, which usually correspond to cystic areas due to colliquative necrosis 21 . Capsular interruption and transcapsular vascular flow architecture may also be found (Figure 20, Videoclip S17).…”

Section: General Ultrasound Characteristics Of Infiltrated and Non‐infiltrated Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of lymph nodes: consensus opinion from the Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) group

Fischerová

Garganese

Reina

et al. 2021

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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In centers with access to high‐end ultrasound machines and expert sonologists, ultrasound is used to detect metastases in regional lymph nodes from melanoma, breast cancer and vulvar cancer. There is, as yet, no international consensus on ultrasound assessment of lymph nodes in any disease or medical condition. The lack of standardized ultrasound nomenclature to describe lymph nodes makes it difficult to compare results from different ultrasound studies and to find reliable ultrasound features for distinguishing non‐infiltrated lymph nodes from lymph nodes infiltrated by cancer or lymphoma cells. The Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) collaborative group consists of gynecologists, gynecologic oncologists and radiologists with expertise in gynecologic cancer, particularly in the ultrasound staging and treatment of vulvar cancer. The work herein is a consensus opinion on terms, definitions and measurements which may be used to describe inguinal lymph nodes on grayscale and color/power Doppler ultrasound. The proposed nomenclature need not be limited to the description of inguinal lymph nodes as part of vulvar cancer staging; it can be used to describe peripheral lymph nodes in general, as well as non‐peripheral (i.e. parietal or visceral) lymph nodes if these can be visualized clearly. The association between the ultrasound features described here and histopathological diagnosis has not yet been established. VITA terms and definitions lay the foundations for prospective studies aiming to identify ultrasound features typical of metastases and other pathology in lymph nodes and studies to elucidate the role of ultrasound in staging of vulvar and other malignancies. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

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Section: Vita Terms Definitions and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vita Terms Definitions and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Ultrasound Characteristics Of Infiltrated and Non‐infiltrated Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of lymph nodes: consensus opinion from the Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) group

Fischerová

Garganese

Reina

et al. 2021

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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“…Conventional B-mode ultrasound, elastography, Doppler and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features are described in the literature for LN characterisation [2,10,11,13,14,[18][19][20][21]30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does lymph node morphology using ultrasound reflect aetiology? A pictorial essay, part I

et al. 2020

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The evaluation of lymph nodes (LNs) using ultrasound requires a high level of clinical and sonographic competence. This “pictorial essay” is intended to illustrate eye-catching examples of relevant “clinical-sonographic visual diagnoses” of LNs. We provide typical images and take-home messages of eye-catching features to illustrate the featured publications.The first part includes “important differential diagnoses of eye-catching features of suspected lymphadenopathy” and “benign lymphadenopathy”. The second part will include “Eye-catching features of malignant lymphadenopathy, both carcinoma and lymphoma”

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“…In this second part eye-catching features of malignant lymphadenopathy and the differential diagnosis of carcinoma and lymphoma are shown. In general, LN metastases of solid tumours have to be differentiated from malignant lymphatic LN infiltrations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does lymph node morphology using ultrasound reflect aetiology? A pictorial essay, part II, malignant lymphadenopathy

et al. 2020

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The evaluation of lymph nodes (LN) using ultrasound requires a high level of clinical and sonographic competence. This “pictorial essay” is intended to illustrate eye-catching examples of relevant “clinical-sonographic visual diagnoses” of LNs. We provide typical images and take home messages of eye-catching features to illustrate the featured publications.The first part included the introduction into the subject, indications for US examination and the widely accepted recognized features for LN characterization. The key features for the differential diagnosis of suspected lymphadenopathy and benign lymphadenopathy are illustrated. In the second part eye-catching features of malignant lymphadenopathy and the differential diagnosis of carcinoma and lymphoma are shown

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Sonography of Peripheral Lymph Nodes Part 2: Doppler Criteria and Typical Findings of Distinct Entities

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of lymph nodes: consensus opinion from the Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) group

Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of lymph nodes: consensus opinion from the Vulvar International Tumor Analysis (VITA) group

Does lymph node morphology using ultrasound reflect aetiology? A pictorial essay, part I

Does lymph node morphology using ultrasound reflect aetiology? A pictorial essay, part II, malignant lymphadenopathy

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