Morphological changes in eosinophils are reliable markers of the severity of an acute asthma exacerbation in children

Muniz‐Junqueira, Maria Imaculada; Barbosa-Marques, S. M.; Junqueira, Luiz Fernando

doi:10.1111/all.12176

Cited by 32 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells, particularly eosinophils, may play important roles through the release of various mediators [16][17][18]. There is strong evidence that an imbalance between the reducing and oxidizing systems favoring a more oxidative state is present in the airway inflammation and a deficiency in the amount of antioxidants exists in the asthmatic airway [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparable Function of γ-Tocopherols in Asthma Remission by Affecting Eotaxin and IL-4

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2016

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Bronchial asthma is one of the world's most common chronic disorders dangerous to human health. It has been hypothesized that the increased number of asthma sufferers may be due to changing antioxidant intake or vitamin deficiency. However, the influence of vitamins on asthma has rarely been considered. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of γ-tocopherols, a specific form of vitamin E, on asthma remission together with the possible mechanism behind the process. Material and Methods. Eosinophil counting was applied to detect the total number of cells, eosinophils and lymphocytes. Meanwhile, HE staining was used for morphological detection. In addition, the eotaxin and IL-4 levels in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured using ELISA technology. Results. The cell counting results showed that γ-tocopherols possesses the capability to reduce the number of eosinophils. Moreover, the exudation of inflammatory cells together with the hyperplasia of goblet cells was also found to experience significant inhibition when treated with γ-tocopherols. Furthermore, the high levels of eotaxin and IL-4 in the asthma group were evidently reduced under the treatment of γ-tocopherols which was comparable with hexadecadrol. Conclusions. γ-tocopherols can remit asthma by regulating the level of eotaxin and IL-4. Moreover, γ-tocopherols may be regarded as a potential candidate for asthma treatment after much deeper explorations (Adv Clin Exp Med 2016, 25, 4, 643-648).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparable Function of γ-Tocopherols in Asthma Remission by Affecting Eotaxin and IL-4

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2016

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…Intriguing is the potential of this mechanism to derange the epithelial lining and evoke inflammation and remodelling as a consequence of exaggerated epithelial repair [5]. Inflammation should probably be equalled to inflammatory activity rather than the number of eosinophils.MUNIZ-JUNQUEIRA et al [6] demonstrate that blood eosinophils undergo lysis (plus spilling of FEGs) more readily the more severe the asthma is. Unprecedentedly, the pro-lysis propensity distinctly separates three levels of severity amongst children with acute asthma exacerbations [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…MUNIZ-JUNQUEIRA et al [6] demonstrate that blood eosinophils undergo lysis (plus spilling of FEGs) more readily the more severe the asthma is. Unprecedentedly, the pro-lysis propensity distinctly separates three levels of severity amongst children with acute asthma exacerbations [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unprecedentedly, the pro-lysis propensity distinctly separates three levels of severity amongst children with acute asthma exacerbations [6]. Hence, proclivity of blood eosinophils for primary lysis may biomark severe asthma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very much influenced by the letter by PAVORD et al [6] and the study by GREEN et al [7], 10 years ago we set up an asthma clinic in which we embarked on inducing sputum as a routine practice to monitor eosinophilic inflammation and adjust inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) prescription accordingly. For centres experienced in using induced sputum the recent European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society guidelines recommends that induced sputum and clinical criteria be used to guide treatment in adults with severe asthma, rather than by clinical criteria alone [8].…”

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Importance of concomitant local and systemic eosinophilia in uncontrolled asthma

Persson

Uller

2014

Eur Respir J

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reagent. Their findings further suggest that for the paucibacillary type of samples, such as CSF, less sample reagent might be necessary.These findings need to be confirmed independently and should be combined with testing of the tuberculocidal effect at lower sample-to-sample-reagent ratios before they can be recommended for clinical use. We hope that other groups will follow the example of R.F. Luo and co-workers and evaluate different protocols for different sample types, so that Xpert testing on nonrespiratory samples can be optimised. Importance of concomitant local and systemic eosinophilia in uncontrolled asthmaTo the Editor:We read with interest the comprehensive, combined retrospective and prospective study on eosinophilia in asthma by SCHLEICH et al. [1]. As compellingly demonstrated by SCHLEICH et al.[1] concomitant elevation of sputum and blood eosinophil numbers is an important factor in poorly controlled asthma. These data agree with the view that both local airway ''inflammation'' and blood eosinophilia contribute as risk factors in asthma [2]. However, there are additional eosinophil features, other than just counts, that characterise asthma. Here we draw attention to the potential roles of primary lysis/necrosis of eosinophils as blood biomarkers and bronchial-pathogenic mechanisms, especially in uncontrolled asthma.SCHLEICH et al.[1] briefly discuss previous findings on eosinophil numbers reported by VOLBEDA et al. [3]. However, a principal message of the latter study concerned association between poor asthma control and ''activated eosinophils'' and loss of ''epithelial intactness'', respectively, in bronchial biopsies. It emerged that the eosinophils had been activated by primary lysis that results in the spilling of toxic protein-releasing free eosinophil granules (FEGs) in the bronchial tissue [3,4]. 1096Furthermore, contrasting the significant associations with FEGs, poor asthma control was not associated with the number of eosinophils in sputum or bronchial tissue [3,4].The observations by VOLBEDA et al.[3] support pathogenic roles of primary eosinophil lysis-produced, release-competent FEGs. Intriguing is the potential of this mechanism to derange the epithelial lining and evoke inflammation and remodelling as a consequence of exaggerated epithelial repair [5]. Inflammation should probably be equalled to inflammatory activity rather than the number of eosinophils.MUNIZ-JUNQUEIRA et al. [6] demonstrate that blood eosinophils undergo lysis (plus spilling of FEGs) more readily the more severe the asthma is. Unprecedentedly, the pro-lysis propensity distinctly separates three levels of severity amongst children with acute asthma exacerbations [6]. Hence, proclivity of blood eosinophils for primary lysis may biomark severe asthma.Inferentially, eosinophils would be primed for cytolysis before arriving in severely diseased bronchi. Priming may be produced by interleukin (IL)-5, which switches pro-apoptosis responses into primary lysis, as reviewed in PERSSON and ULLER [7]. We think such switc...

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The eosinophil actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid rearrangement in response to fluid shear stress

Son

Small

Sehmi

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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The regulatory processes involved in eosinophil trafficking into tissues are poorly understood; therefore, it is crucial to elucidate these mechanisms to advance the quality of clinical care for patients with eosinophil‐mediated diseases. The complex interactions between eosinophil integrin receptors and their corresponding ligands on the post‐capillary venules of the bronchial endothelium result in distinct modifications to the cytoskeletal architecture that occur in coordinated, temporally regulated sequences. The current study utilizes real‐time confocal microscopy and time‐based immunofluorescence staining to further characterize the effects of physiologically relevant fluid shear stress on this novel phenomenon of perfusion‐induced calcium response. We found that the mere perfusion of fluid over adhered human eosinophils induced a release of intracellular calcium observed in conjunction with changes in cell morphology (flattening onto the coverslip surface, an increase in surface area, and a loss of circularity), suggesting a previously unknown mechanosensing aspect of eosinophil migration out of the vasculature. Although changes in morphology and degree of calcium release remained consistent across varying perfusion rates, the latency of the response was highly dependent on the degree of shear stresses. Eosinophils were fixed post‐perfusion at specific timepoints for immunofluorescence staining to track proteins of interest over time. The distribution of proteins was diffuse throughout the cell prior to perfusion; however, they quickly localized to the periphery of the cell within 5 min. The actin cytoskeleton became markedly built up at the cell edges rapidly after stimulation, forming punctate dots by 4 min, suggesting a pivotal role in directed cell motility.

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Morphological changes in eosinophils are reliable markers of the severity of an acute asthma exacerbation in children

Abstract: Quantifying the morphological changes in eosinophils is a feasible, easy, and reliable manner to identify the severity of an asthma exacerbation and therefore might improve the clinical management of asthmatic children.

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Comparable Function of γ-Tocopherols in Asthma Remission by Affecting Eotaxin and IL-4

Comparable Function of γ-Tocopherols in Asthma Remission by Affecting Eotaxin and IL-4

Importance of concomitant local and systemic eosinophilia in uncontrolled asthma

The eosinophil actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid rearrangement in response to fluid shear stress

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