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Sahu, Arun; Sahoo, Sukanta Kumar; Sahoo, N.

doi:10.1023/a:1013395701308

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…GS/GOGAT activities were higher in leaves of the wild soybean accession following exposure to stress.Thus, the wild soybean seems to have synthesized more nitrogen-containing compounds than has the cultivated soybean, an adaptation which might have been beneficial to stress acclimation (Lancien, Gadal & Hodges, 2000). The salt-induced reductionin the GS/GOGAT cycle was previously reported for different crop plants (Sahu, Sahoo & Sahoo, 2001; Wang et al, 2007; Shao et al, 2015; Meng et al, 2016). Moreover, the high aminating glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) activity in leaves of both soybean species has accompanied the reduced GS/GOGAT cycle by incorporating NH 4 + directly onto glutamate (Wang et al, 2007; Wang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effects of salinity on photosynthetic traits, ion homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism in wild and cultivated soybean

Ullah

Noor

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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BackgroundCarbon and nitrogen metabolism need to be highly regulated to achieve cell acclimation to changing environmental conditions. The understanding of physio-biochemical responses of crops to salinity stress could help to stabilize their performance and yield. In this study we have analyzed the roles of photosynthesis, ion physiology and nitrate assimilation toward saline/alkaline stress acclimation in wild and cultivated soybean seedlings.MethodsGrowth and photosynthetic parameters, ion concentrations and the activity of enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation were determined in seedlings of one wild and one cultivated soybean accession subjected to saline or alkaline stresses.ResultsBoth saline and alkaline stresses had a negative impact on the growth and metabolism of both wild and cultivated soybean.The growth, photosynthesis, and gas exchange parameters showed a significant decrease in response to increasing salt concentration. Additionally, a significant increase in root Na+ and Cl– concentration was observed. However, photosynthetic performance and ion regulation were higher in wild than in cultivated soybean under saline and alkaline stresses. Nitrate reductase (NR) and the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase (GS/GOGAT) cycle showed a significant decrease in leaves of both genotypes. The reduction in the GS/GOGAT cycle was accompanied by high aminating glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase) activity, indicating the assimilation of high levels of NH4+. A significant increase in the activities of aminating and deaminating enzymes, including glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT), was observed, probably due to the high glutamate demand and maintenance of the Krebs cycle to correct the C: N status.ConclusionsCultivated soybean was much more stress sensitive than was the wild soybean. The decrease in growth, photosynthesis, ion regulation and nitrogen assimilation enzymes was greater in cultivated soybean than in wild soybean. The impact of alkaline stress was more pronounced than that of saline stress. Wild soybean regulated the physiological mechanisms of photosynthesis and nitrate assimilation more effectively than did cultivated soybean. The present findings provide a theoretical basis with which to screen and utilize wild and cultivated soybean germplasm for breeding new stress-tolerant soybean.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effects of salinity on photosynthetic traits, ion homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism in wild and cultivated soybean

Ullah

Noor

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the formation of glutamine from glutamic acid, NH 3 and ATP. Expression of GS is suppressed by low-temperature stress in a stage albinism line of winter wheat [20] and is induced or reduced by salt stress in leaves of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive rice, respectively [29]. Because White leaf No.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic analysis of young leaves at three developmental stages in an albino tea cultivar

et al. 2011

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BackgroundWhite leaf No.1 is a typical albino tea cultivar grown in China and it has received increased attention in recent years due to the fact that white leaves containing a high level of amino acids, which are very important components affecting the quality of tea drink. According to the color of its leaves, the development of this tea cultivar is divided into three stages: the pre-albinistic stage, the albinistic stage and the regreening stage. To understand the intricate mechanism of periodic albinism, a comparative proteomic approach based on two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry was adopted first time to identify proteins that changed in abundance during the three developmental periods.ResultsThe 2-DE results showed that the expression level of 61 protein spots varied markedly during the three developmental stages. To analyze the functions of the significantly differentially expressed protein spots, 30 spots were excised from gels and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry. Of these, 26 spots were successfully identified. All identified protein spots were involved in metabolism of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, photosynthesis, protein processing, stress defense and RNA processing, indicating these physiological processes may play crucial roles in the periodic albinism. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis was used to assess the transcriptional level of differentially expressed proteins. In addition, the ultrastructural studies revealed that the etioplast-chloroplast transition in the leaf cell of White leaf No. 1 was inhibited and the grana in the chloroplast was destroyed at the albinistic stage.ConclusionsIn this work, the proteomic analysis revealed that some proteins may have important roles in the molecular events involved in periodic albinism of White leaf No. 1 and identificated many attractive candidates for further investigation. In addition, the ultrastructural studies revealed that the change in leaf color of White leaf No. 1 might be a consequence of suppression of the etioplast-chloroplast transition and damage to grana in the chloroplast induced by temperature. These results provide much useful information to improve our understanding of the mechanism of albinism in the albino tea cultivar.

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“…The increased relative expression of GS1 may reflect an attempt by the shoots to overcome the salt toxicity imposed, thus contributing to maintain the GS activity and ammonium assimilation, and probably plays a role in regulating proline production, mainly at high salinity [21,49]. In fact, increased GS activity has been suggested as a biochemical adaptation for salt-tolerant species [50,51] and even within the same species [14].…”

Section: Under Low Salinity N Assimilation Exceeds Plant Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, salinity may have severe consequences for nitrate assimilation in photosynthetic organs.In higher plants, glutamine synthetase (GS) plays a pivotal role in ammonium assimilation coming from the primary assimilation of nitrate, photorespiration, and catabolic processes into nitrogenous organic compounds, acting together with the glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT) in the GS/GOGAT cycle. Some studies have demonstrated that saline stress reduced the GS activity in soybean roots [13], rice [14,15], tomato [6,16], wheat [17], and Catherantheus roseus [18]. However, opposite results were also observed in plants of cowpea [19], rice [20], foxtail millet plants [21], or barley roots [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Assimilation in the Highly Salt- and Boron-Tolerant Ecotype Zea mays L. Amylacea

Fuertes‐Mendizábal

Bastías

González‐Murua

et al. 2020

Plants

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The Lluta Valley in Northern Chile is an important agricultural area affected by both salinity and boron (B) toxicity. Zea mays L. amylacea, an ecotype arisen because of the seed selection practiced in this valley, shows a high tolerance to salt and B levels. In the present study the interaction between B and salt was studied after 20 days of treatment at low (100 mM) and high salinity (430 mM NaCl), assessing changes in nitrogen metabolites and in the activity of key nitrogen-assimilating enzymes. Under non-saline conditions, the presence of excessive B favored higher nitrate and ammonium mobilization to leaves, increasing nitrate reductase (NR) activity but not glutamine synthetase (GS). Thus, the increment of nitrogen use efficiency by B application would contribute partially to maintain the biomass production in this ecotype. Positive relationships between NR activity, nitrate, and stomatal conductance were observed in leaves. The increment of major amino acids alanine and serine would indicate a photoprotective role of photorespiration under low-salinity conditions, thus the inhibition of nitrogen assimilation pathway (NR and GS activities) occurred only at high salinity. The role of cytosolic GS regarding the proline accumulation is discussed.

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Untitled

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of salinity on photosynthetic traits, ion homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism in wild and cultivated soybean

Effects of salinity on photosynthetic traits, ion homeostasis and nitrogen metabolism in wild and cultivated soybean

Proteomic analysis of young leaves at three developmental stages in an albino tea cultivar

Nitrogen Assimilation in the Highly Salt- and Boron-Tolerant Ecotype Zea mays L. Amylacea

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