Dietary patterns are associated with plasma F2-isoprostanes in an observational cohort study of adults

Abstract

Associations between individual foods or nutrients and oxidative markers have been reported. Comprehensive measures of food intake may be uniquely informative, given the complexity of oxidative systems and the possibility for antioxidant synergies. We quantified associations over a 20 y history between 3 food-based dietary patterns, summary measures of whole diet, and a plasma biomarker of lipid peroxidation, F2-isoprostanes in a cohort of Americans, aged 18–30 at year 0 (1985–86). We assessed diet at years 0, 7, and 20 through a detailed history of past-month food consumption and supplement use, and measured plasma F2-isoprostanes at years 15 and 20. We created 3 different dietary patterns: 1) a priori (“a priori diet quality score”) based on hypothesized healthy foods, 2) an empirical pattern reflecting high fruit and vegetable intake (“fruit-veg”), and 3) an empirical pattern reflecting high meat intake (“meat”). We used linear regression to estimate associations between each dietary pattern and plasma F2-isoprostanes cross-sectionally (at year 20, n=2,736) and prospectively (year 0/7 average diet and year 15/20 average F2-isoprostanes, n=2,718), adjusting for age, sex, race, total energy intake, education, smoking, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, physical activity, and supplement use. In multivariable-adjusted cross-sectional analysis, the a priori diet quality score and the fruit-veg diet pattern were negatively, and the meat pattern positively, associated with F2-isoprostanes (all p-values<0.001). These associations remained statistically significant in prospective analysis. Our findings suggest that a long-term adherence to a diet rich in fruits and vegetables and low in red meat may decrease lipid peroxidation.

Higher Diet Quality in Adolescence and Dietary Improvements Are Related to Less Weight Gain During the Transition From Adolescence to Adulthood

“…As appropriate to a study of adolescents, our dietary pattern did not include alcoholic items, unlike the adult version of the APDQS. The limited published data available linking the APDQS with BMI during young-to-mid adulthood are in accordance with our findings (13, 32). …”

Oxidative balance score and oxidative stress biomarkers in a study of Whites, African Americans, and African immigrants

“…The results from several placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of the effects of limited numbers of supplemental antioxidant micronutrients on FIP have been inconsistent (Dietrich et al, 2002, Gokce et al, 1999, Patrignani et al, 2000). However, when nutrients were examined in combination as a dietary score (similarly as for the OBS) in observational studies, stronger associations with FIP were observed (Meyer et al, 2013). In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a diet quality score was determined by assigning higher points to frequent consumption of foods beneficial to health, and lower points to frequent consumption of foods believed to be detrimental to health (all determined a priori ) (Meyer et al, 2013).…”

“…However, when nutrients were examined in combination as a dietary score (similarly as for the OBS) in observational studies, stronger associations with FIP were observed (Meyer et al, 2013). In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a diet quality score was determined by assigning higher points to frequent consumption of foods beneficial to health, and lower points to frequent consumption of foods believed to be detrimental to health (all determined a priori ) (Meyer et al, 2013). A significant inverse association was observed between the dietary score and plasma FIP (Meyer et al, 2013).…”

Food quality score and the risk of coronary artery disease: a prospective analysis in 3 cohorts

“…both healthy and unhealthy food groups (8). In the Iowa Women's Health Study, this a priori diet quality score is associated with lower total, CVD, and cancer mortality (42).…”

“…Food-based scores are easier to adapt for clinical use because they do not require software or a database to perform nutrient analysis. Several food-based dietary quality scores have been associated with CVD risk factors such as inflammatory markers and fasting insulin (8)(9)(10). Only 2 food-based scores have been examined for CVD endpoints.…”