2. What to Tell Cancer Patients: A Study of Medical Attitudes

Oken, Donald

doi:10.7312/weir91040-004

Cited by 101 publications

(114 citation statements)

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“…In the 1950's, the majority of general practice physicians surveyed indicated they never or seldom revealed the diagnosis to patients (Oken 1961). Even physicians who were inclined to share the diagnosis with their patients were reluctant to break bad news, fearing patient response or discouraged from "truth-telling" by family members (Novack et al 1979;Radovsky 1985).…”

Section: Truth-telling and Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent studies have documented a major shift in physician attitudes. Novack et al compared three university physician samples: 90 percent of those surveyed in 1961 reported that they generally did not inform patients of diagnoses of cancer (Oken 1961); 91 percent surveyed in 1971 reported they frequently or always informed patients; 98 percent surveyed in 1977 reported disclosure was their usual policy and all felt it was the patient's fight to know the diagnosis (Novack 1979). Novack et al noted that the written comments of physicians surveyed suggested that the current policy of telling was "accompanied by increased sensitivity to patients' emotional needs," and they argued that "there is some evidence that telling is the best policy" (1979: 900).…”

Section: Truth-telling and Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oncologists frequently frame the first step in disclosure as an exchange from patient to physician rather than vice versa, as suggested by the literature on telling and receiving news about cancer (Oken 1961;Novack et al 1979;Radovsky 1985;Taylor 1988). The following excerpts from our interviews suggest how oncologists conceptualize this process.…”

Section: From Patient To Physicianmentioning

confidence: 99%

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American oncology and the discourse on hope

et al. 1990

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From the perspective of medical anthropology and comparative research, American oncology appears as a unique variant of international biomedical culture, particularly when contrasted with oncological practice in societies such as Japan and Italy. Based on interviews with 51 oncologists in Harvard teaching hospitals, this paper argues that American oncological practice draws on distinctive cultural meanings associated with "hope" and is infused with popular notions about the relationship between psyche and soma, the progressive efficacy of biotechnical interventions, truth-telling, and the nature of the physician-patient relationship.

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Section: Truth-telling and Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Truth-telling and Disclosurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: From Patient To Physicianmentioning

confidence: 99%

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American oncology and the discourse on hope

et al. 1990

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“…Wie Tabelle 1 zeigt, war es vor 1960 [56] die übliche Praxis von 88% der Ärz-te eines Lehrkrankenhauses in Chicago, dem Patienten die Diagnose "Krebs" nicht mitzuteilen. Als Novack et al [55] knapp 20 Jahre später dieselben Fragebögen einer ähnlichen Gruppe von Ärz-ten vorlegten, gaben 98% dieser Ärzte an, üblicherweise ihren Patienten die Diagnose "Krebs" mitzuteilen.…”

Section: Was Denken äRzte Zur Prognoseaufklärung?unclassified

Ethik im klinischen Alltag: das Beispiel der Prognoseaufklärung

Elger¹

2002

Medizinische Klinik

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“…Several investigators have hypothesized that a doctor's personal characteristics form the most important predictor of the tendency to convey information to patients (Oken, 1961;Kiibler-Ross, 1969;cf. Dodge, 1961).…”

Section: Independent Variables: a Physician Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The informative process in medical care: A preliminary report with implications for instructional communication

et al. 1978

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This paper presents a summary of an on-going research project concerned with doctor-patient communications. Of specific interest are doctors' communications of information about illness to the patient. The communication of information in medical care situations is considered to be, at certain levels, analogous to the purposive, instructional communications in education.Sociological considerations guiding this research are summarized under four headings: (1) problems of uncertainty and power; (2) the definition of information; (3) sociolinguistics and the diffidence of the sick poor; and, (4) ethnomethodology and common sense constructs. The doctor-patient relationship is viewed as a micro-political situation in which information control is used, at least in part, to maintain patterns of dominance and subordination.The overall methodological objective of this research is to develop a research design, linked to these research objectives, which allows reproducible and generalizable conclusions about the informative process in a variety of clinical settings. This preliminary paper includes a discussion of technical problems arising from the study of doctor-patient relationships and communications; preliminary results of studies of non-verbal communication; and, qualitative themes in the informative process.

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2. What to Tell Cancer Patients: A Study of Medical Attitudes

Cited by 101 publications

References 0 publications

American oncology and the discourse on hope

American oncology and the discourse on hope

Ethik im klinischen Alltag: das Beispiel der Prognoseaufklärung

The informative process in medical care: A preliminary report with implications for instructional communication

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