1992: The Illusion of Change

Abstract

Despite all the recent publicity surrounding the benefits of a ‘Europe without frontiers’ it would be wrong to assume that the attainment of this goal is a foregone conclusion. The 1992 deadline is a political expedient designed to create the impression that European economic integration is an irreversible process. However, the reality is that there is still a long way to go before Europe is truly ‘open for business’. Barriers to trade will remain despite the enthusiasm of the Commission for radical change, because it is the member states who finally decide on the shape of new initiatives. In order to achieve agreement compromises have to be made, and this reduces the impact of reforms. The measures taken to complete that internal market of the EC can become exercises in harmonization rather than significant reforms which offer direct benefits to business. This article is concerned with one such exercise in harmonization, the introduction of the Single Administrative Document (sad).

Editorial: International perspectives on public policy

“…There has been the debate about growing inequality in the United States as a result of the New Right public policies of the recent Reagan administrations, and whether this represents a warning about the possible fate of this country (Hambleton, 1990). There is a mushrooming of articles about 1992 and the economic and social implications of creating a single European market for European Community member countries (Campbell et al, 1989;Flynn, 1989).…”