17- -Estradiol in relation to age at menarche and adult obesity in premenopausal women

Emaus, Aina; Espetvedt, Sissi; Veierød, Marit B.; Ballard‐Barbash, Rachel; Furberg, Anne Sofie; Ellison, Peter T.; Jasieńska, Grażyna; Hjartåker, Anette; Thune, Inger

doi:10.1093/humrep/dem432

Cited by 87 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Two women were excluded, due to missing mammographic data, leaving data from 202 premenopausal women available for the present study. Validated and standardized questionnaires (self-and interviewer-administered by trained personnel) were used to collect information about reproductive history, previous hormone use, diet, and lifestyle habits (21,28,31).…”

Section: Participants and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is less known whether HDL-C, is associated with mammographic density, in particular for premenopausal women (26,27). We have previously studied the association between cyclic estrogen and an unfavorable metabolic profile (21,28), and observed that HDL-C was inversely associated with cyclic estrogen (21). The complexity of assessing cyclic hormones throughout an entire menstrual cycle among premenopausal women underlines the importance of inclusion of both total serum levels (bound) and direct measurements of unbound levels of salivary hormones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

Flote

Frydenberg

Ursin

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) may influence the proliferation of breast tumor cells, but it is unclear whether low HDL-C levels, alone or in combination with cyclic estrogen and progesterone, are associated with mammographic density, a strong predictor of breast cancer development. Fasting morning serum concentrations of HDL-C were assessed in 202 premenopausal women, 25 to 35 years of age, participating in the Norwegian Energy Balance and Breast Cancer Aspects (EBBA) I study. Estrogen and progesterone were measured both in serum, and daily in saliva, throughout an entire menstrual cycle. Absolute and percent mammographic density was assessed by a computer-assisted method (Madena), from digitized mammograms (days 7-12). Multivariable models were used to study the associations between HDL-C, estrogen and progesterone, and mammographic density phenotypes. We observed a positive association between HDL-C and percent mammographic density after adjustments (P ¼ 0.030). When combining HDL-C, estradiol, and progesterone, we observed among women with low HDL-C (<1.39 mmol/L), a linear association between salivary 17b-estradiol, progesterone, and percent and absolute mammographic density. Furthermore, in women with low HDL-C, each one SD increase of salivary mid-menstrual 17b-estradiol was associated with an OR of 4.12 (95% confidence intervals; CI, 1.30-13.0) of having abovemedian percent (28.5%), and an OR of 2.5 (95% CI, 1.13-5.50) of having above-median absolute mammographic density (32.4 cm 2 ). On the basis of plausible biologic mechanisms linking HDL-C to breast cancer development, our findings suggest a role of HDL-C, alone or in combination with estrogen, in breast cancer development. However, our small hypothesis generating study requires confirmation in larger studies.Cancer Prev Res; 8(6); 535-44. Ó2015 AACR.

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Section: Participants and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

Flote

Frydenberg

Ursin

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…In addition, 17β-estradiol profiles were associated with traditional breast cancer risk factors, such as age at menarche [19,20], insulin, adult height and metabolic profile in adulthood [21,19,22]. These associations also point to the need for further studies of estrogen in combination with the GH-IGF signalling pathway and mammographic density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone, and daily cycling estrogen are associated with mammographic density in premenopausal women

Frydenberg

Flote

Iversen

et al. 2014

Cancer Causes Control

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“…Age at menarche tends to occur earlier, especially in those with decreasing birth weight who gain more weight during pre-pubertal years (5), (13), (15). Interestingly, we recently observed that women who experienced early age at menarche (#12 years) and had a large waist to hip ratio, had 24% higher levels of estradiol over the menstrual cycle (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of birth weight and adult body composition on 17β-estradiol levels in young women

Finstad

Emaus

Potischman

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

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Background: Birth weight and adult body weight have independently been associated with breast cancer risk. Thus, we hypothesize that low birth weight, in combination with adult overweight, may influence premenopausal hormonal levels over an entire menstrual cycle.Methods: Among 204 healthy women, aged 25-35 years, who participated in the Norwegian EBBA-I Study, birth weight and age at menarche, were assessed. Levels of 17!-estradiol were measured in daily saliva samples over one menstrual cycle using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Measurements of body composition; waist circumference (cm), body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ) and total fat percentage (DEXA, %) were assessed. Fasting blood samples were drawn, and serum concentrations of lipids and hormones determined. Results:The participating women had mean birth weight of 3389 g and age at menarche 13.1 years. Women within the highest tertile of birth weight had the lowest 17!-estradiol throughout the menstrual cycle (p=0.03), and they tended to have a later age at menarche (p= 0.06). When we looked into birth weight in combination with adult attained weight, we found that women with lower birth weights, combined with excess weight during adulthood, had higher levels of free 17!-estradiol over an entire menstrual cycle compared with women with high birth weights and adult overweight. Women with birth weights < 3530 g, who later developed excess body weight (waist " 84 cm), showed 33% higher 17!-estradiol concentrations over a menstrual cycle compared with women with higher birth weights (" 3530 g) and adult excess body weight (p = 0.03). The association was even more pronounced in women with birth weights < 3220 g, early age at menarche (< 12 years) and adult overweight. Conclusion:Our findings support variation of premenopausal levels of 17!-estradiol in response to birth weight and energy status in adult life, suggesting that women with low birth weight in combination with adult overweight are put at risk for higher estradiol levels throughout menstrual cycles, of possible importance for breast cancer risk. 2 IntroductionSeveral studies have observed a strong relationship between birth weight and later risk of chronic diseases, indicating that fetal conditions may influence later susceptibility to adult disease ('Forsdahl-Barker hypothesis') (1), (2), (3). Thus, women with low birth weight may have different set points for their physiological ovarian responsiveness to changes in energy balance later in life compared with women with higher birth weight.Furthermore, the westernization of society including high levels of available energy combined with low overall energy expenditure, could provide new challenges for normal physiology and response, not only during the fetal period and early childhood, but also throughout life. It has been observed that birth size, a marker of fetal growth and intrauterine environment (4), together with later growth pattern and availability of energy, may influence later risk of chronic diseases, as for example diabetes or breast cancer (5), (6...

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17- -Estradiol in relation to age at menarche and adult obesity in premenopausal women

Abstract: Our findings support the hypothesis that early age at menarche, together with adult overweight and obesity, result in high levels of 17-beta-estradiol throughout the menstrual cycle.

Cited by 87 publications

References 46 publications

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

Insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone, and daily cycling estrogen are associated with mammographic density in premenopausal women

Influence of birth weight and adult body composition on 17β-estradiol levels in young women

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