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Powpaka, Samart

doi:10.1023/a:1020589612191

Cited by 74 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Recent empirical findings concerning why individuals engage in corruption not only suggest that individual characteristics are strongly related to corrupt behavior, but also indicate that corruption is determined by social influences (Dong et al 2012;Powpaka 2002;Rabl and Kuehlmann 2008;Tavits 2010). From a theoretical point of view, several disciplines-predominantly social psychology, criminology, and economics-have put forward different frameworks that may explain, from an individual perspective, why individuals engage in corruption (Aguilera and Vadera 2008;Andvig et al 2001;Ashforth and Anand 2003;Dimant 2013;Powpaka 2002;Prabowo 2014;Rabl and Kuehlmann 2008;Wikström 2004).…”

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a theoretical point of view, several disciplines-predominantly social psychology, criminology, and economics-have put forward different frameworks that may explain, from an individual perspective, why individuals engage in corruption (Aguilera and Vadera 2008;Andvig et al 2001;Ashforth and Anand 2003;Dimant 2013;Powpaka 2002;Prabowo 2014;Rabl and Kuehlmann 2008;Wikström 2004). Each of these frameworks contributes to the understanding of corruption, but none of them seem to capture the whole picture, making the other frameworks redundant.…”

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wenzel (2004) showed that personal norms of tax honesty were negatively related to people's engagement in tax evasion. Regarding the importance of personal norms in explaining corruption, Powpaka (2002), who applied the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen 1985(Ajzen , 1991 to bribe-giving behavior, found that people's attitude towards bribery was affected by the degree to which they perceived corruption as unethical. Indeed, Beck and Ajzen (1991), who postulated the theory of planned behavior, suggest including personal feelings of moral obligation to refrain from behavior in studies aimed at explaining unethical actions.…”

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

2016

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The aim of this study is to better understand why public officials and business employees engage in corruption. Insight into individual-level explanations for corruption was obtained with the aid of a self-report survey. The results suggest that the most indicative factors of whether or not individuals are corruption-prone are as follows: the moral conviction they have to refrain from corruption; perceptions of whether their colleagues approve of and engage in corruption; and difficulties experienced in complying with the rules on corruption. This result pattern was identical for public officials and business employees alike, and as a consequence, for both sides of corrupt acts. The latter indicates that the same motives may not only underlie corruption in both private and public sectors, but also the act of corruption in its active and passive forms. The results of the current study do not provide strong support for the assumption that economic considerations-expected costs and benefits-are crucial in predicting corruption. Based on the findings that norms and the perceived opportunity to comply are dominant factors in explaining corruption, this article focuses on the practical implications for the development of anti-corruption strategies within both public and private sectors.

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Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

2016

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“…Bribery involves two parties: bribe payers (supply side) and bribe takers (demand side) (Rose-Ackerman 1978;Wu 2005). From the perspectives of the supply side, firms are motivated to be involved in bribery to get favorable treatment on contracts, taxes, or concessions, to obtain permissions or licenses, to bypass laws and regulations, to get things done quickly, or to build entry barriers against potential competitors (Powpaka 2002;Rose-Ackerman 2002;Wu 2009). Since emerging markets tend to have more economic activities to achieve economic growth, which generates more contracts and requires more government permissions and licenses, firms in such zones may become involved in more bribery compared to those in advanced countries to meet these new requirements quickly and easily (Nawaz 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Corporate Governance on the Corruption of Firms in BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India & China)

Kang

Kim

2018

Social Sciences

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This study examines the correlation between corporate governance and corruption (firm bribery) using 8885 firms in four emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRICs). The sample firms are collected from the World Bank Enterprise Survey database. To estimate the corruption of a firm, a logistics regression is used. The dependent variable of the logistics regression is a dummy variable on firm bribery while the test variables are a corporate governance metric composed of an ownership structure proxied by the percentage of the largest ownership and that of foreign ownership, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) characteristics proxied by CEO gender and CEO experience in the same sector, and an external audit on a firm's financial statements. We find that firm bribery is negatively associated with the percentage of the largest ownership and external audit on financial statements, but is positively related to CEO experience. These results suggest that increases in the largest ownership, external audits on financial statements, and a shorter tenure of a CEO in the same sector are negatively associated with firm bribery in BRICs.

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“…It also undermines the society's economic activity [3] . Powpaka [4] indicated that the intention to bribe positively correlates with an individual's attitude towards the need to succeed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study of Petty Corrupt Behaviour in Small Decision Making Problems

Fujikawa¹

2005

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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This research discusses small decision making problems and petty corruption as their practical applications with a structured economic experiment. One of examples of petty corruption considered includes demands for petty bribes by traffic officials followed by police. We examine that it is caused by subjective underweighting of rare events and its objective probabilities. This literature reports results of an experiment, which reveals that the subjects tended to subjectively underweight rare outcomes when they relied on feedback in small decision making problems. Underweighting of rare events lead the subjects to choose a risky option often, but not all the time, to maximise his/her expected utility. This tendency is the opposite of the overweighting of rare outcomes observed in mainstream big description-based decision problems. It is revealed that an individual petty corrupt behaviour is a consequence of the theoretically-optimal behaviour for the risk-seeking decision-maker. This is examined along with the expected utility model. The model well captures results of the experiment and it asserts that it is theoretically-optimal decision to do the petty corrupt behaviour (to receive petty bribes) occasionally for the risk-seeking official, who subjectively underweight rare event and its probability.

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Cited by 74 publications

References 22 publications

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

The Effect of Corporate Governance on the Corruption of Firms in BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India & China)

An Experimental Study of Petty Corrupt Behaviour in Small Decision Making Problems

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