12. Sénégal : la prison à l’époque coloniale. Significations, évitement et évasions

Thioub, Ibrahima

doi:10.3917/kart.bern.1999.01.0285

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Il semble cependant que pour cette aire coloniale, incontestablement la plus analysée sur le plan du colonial policing, un consensus se dégage: si la faiblesse des moyens policiers était réelle, leurs connexions avec les forces armées étaient primordiales. Surtout, dans les interactions quotidiennes, les capacités d'action des colonisés ne doivent pas faire oublier l'asymétrie des relations de pouvoir 70 et la permanence d'un mode de gouvernement qui « impliquait nécessairement le recours à la violence » dans la plupart des régions colonisées 71 .…”

Section: De La Pacification Et Du Consentement En Situation Colonialeunclassified

La professionnalisation policière en situation coloniale : détour conceptuel et explorations historiographiques

Blanchard¹,

Deluermoz²,

Glasman³

2011

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Section: De La Pacification Et Du Consentement En Situation Colonialeunclassified

La professionnalisation policière en situation coloniale : détour conceptuel et explorations historiographiques

Blanchard¹,

Deluermoz²,

Glasman³

2011

chs

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“…Le contrôle autoritaire général effectué sur les populations, et en particulier la fréquence du recours au Code de l'indigénat, 52 contribua à la massification de l'usage de la prison par les agents de l'administration coloniale et en conséquence, à sa banalisation et à sa réappropriation rapide comme mode de sanction par la justice indigène elle-même. 53 Enfin, le contrôle des populations en ces périodes de profonds changements se révélant tout aussi central pour l'administration locale que pour le « pouvoir traditionnel », il n'est pas étonnant que ces deux pouvoirs se soient « retrouvés » pour contraindre les femmes à réintégrer le domicile conjugal, au besoin en les envoyant en prison.…”

Section: L'écran Androcentriste Colonialunclassified

« Le délit d'abandon de domicile conjugal » ou l'invasion du pénal colonial dans les jugements des « tribunaux indigènes » au Soudan français, 1900-1947

Rodet¹

2009

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This article aims to examine the interplay between customary law, colonial law, and French law through the study of court cases of female desertion in the region of Kayes in French Sudan (now known as Mali) for the period 1900-1947. In 1903, a new colonial legal system was decreed in French West Africa. The new legislation guaranteed that the colonial courts would enforce African customs for African subjects. In order to facilitate control over colonial courts and the application of customary laws, the colonial administration was eager to formalize and unify the content of customary laws. This formalization relied on what the "traditional power," the jurisprudence of colonial courts, and the colonial administration viewed as customary law. This process ultimately led to a kind of "invention of tradition" pertaining to family law, which with the help of "traditional power" entailed the penalization of female desertion. The colonial and local considerations of power control in the region entailed increasing restrictions over women's mobility. From 1910 onward, wives accused of desertion were increasingly forced by the colonial courts to return to their husbands. If they refused, from 1914, the court started sending them to prison. Both "traditional power" and the colonial administration had agreed to declare female desertion as being henceforth a "customary offence."

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“…The Originaires ’ claims-making in the prisons in French Senegal expose a central dynamic in penal practices in colonial Africa. Despite the expansive analysis of imprisonment in the historiography of Senegal (Konaté, 2018, Séne, 2010, Thioub, 1999), Africa (Bernault, 2007, 2003, Branch, 2005), and colonialism (Dikötter and Brown, 2007, Zinoman, 2002), unacknowledged in this scholarship was the experience of Africans who did not clearly fall in the “native” category. Previous studies of the prison in Africa have tended to treat the relevant racial categories as binary, examining the differential treatment between Europeans and “native” Africans.…”

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Imprisonment and Citizenship in Senegal, 1917–1946: The Case of the Originaires

Konaté

2022

Punishment & Society

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This paper examines the incarceration of the Originaires in colonial Senegal to illuminate how imprisonment had shaped or altered their French citizenship rights in prisons. Among the prison population in colonial Senegal were some Originaires, the residents of the Four Communes who were granted French citizenship rights as early as 1833, a status that remained ambiguous until 1916 when a new law made them full-pledged French citizens. But the colonial government restrictions on access to full French citizenship rights in the Four Communes compelled the Originaires to mobilize to defend those rights. Their struggle found a breeding ground in the colonial prisons where some Originaire prisoners made two types of claims: to equality with European prisoners based on notions of birthright citizenship and cultural claims to being a different category of prisoners that deserved differential treatment compared to “natives.” By building their requests for equal admission to the European regime around the violation of their citizenship rights, this study will demonstrate that Originaire prisoners made arguments that tied their claims-making specifically to race and status without losing sight of the cultural differences between themselves and “native” prisoners, all in the context of a racially segregated prison world.

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12. Sénégal : la prison à l’époque coloniale. Significations, évitement et évasions

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

La professionnalisation policière en situation coloniale : détour conceptuel et explorations historiographiques

La professionnalisation policière en situation coloniale : détour conceptuel et explorations historiographiques

« Le délit d'abandon de domicile conjugal » ou l'invasion du pénal colonial dans les jugements des « tribunaux indigènes » au Soudan français, 1900-1947

Imprisonment and Citizenship in Senegal, 1917–1946: The Case of the Originaires

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