Does resistance training improve body image satisfaction among the elderly? A cross-sectional study

Rica, Roberta Luksevicius; Gama, Eliane Florêncio; Machado, Alexandre Fernandes; Alonso, Angélica Castilho; Evangelista, Alexandre Lopes; Figueira-Júnior, Aylton; Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari; Brandão, Maria Regina Ferreira; Miranda, Maria Luíza de Jesus; Vilaça-Alves, José; Bergamin, Marco; Bocalini, Danilo Sales

doi:10.6061/clinics/2018/e290

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In fact, when talking about body image/aesthetics, it is predominantly associated with strength training and cardio and not with water activities. Several studies (Rica et al 2018;SantaBarbara et al 2017;Seguin et al 2013) corroborate with this statement explaining that individuals who lift weights or do cardio search and have a better body image satisfaction. Differences found in health pressure and ill-health avoidance motives are surprising, since both types of exercise have shown similar results, for example in knee osteoarthritis treatment (Dong et al 2018) or in chronic low back pain easement (Sugano and Nomura 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Examining exercise motives between gender, age and activity: A first-order scale analysis and measurement invariance

et al. 2019

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Conceptualizing an exercise program according to exercisers motives seems to be crucial. Thus, adequate and validated scale assessing motives for physical activity is necessary. This study aimed to translate and validate the Exercise Motives Inventory-2 (EMI-2), a scale assessing fourteen motives for regular physical activity in Portuguese exercisers. In addition, comparison of motives between groups were made according to gender, age, and fitness activity. For scale validation, data from two independent samples were collected: calibration (n = 820; female = 499) and validation (n = 733; female = 451) participants. For scale reliability and mean difference analysis, data from a new sample was collected (n = 515; female = 342). Results showed that data did not fit the original 51-item model. After reviewing item loadings, two items were eliminated, since they presented factor loadings below acceptable. Hence, the revised model encompassing 49-item had an adequate fit. Convergent and discriminant validity was achieved in the revised model, displaying acceptable construct validity. In addition, invariance criteria were respected between female and male Portuguese exercisers. Regarding mean comparison analysis, differences were found between gender, and across age and fitness activities. Nevertheless, in overall the majority of exercisers indicated "general health" and "physiological" motives as the most valued. The EMI-2 is a reliable scale assessing motives in Portuguese exercisers. This study suggests that exercise programs should be conceptualized considering motives, but also gender, age, and fitness activity. Keywords Exercise. Motives. Confirmatory analysis. Measurement invariance. Mean differences Physical activity and motives "What drives you to exercise?" is possibly one of the most frequently asked questions by exercise professionals and peers when someone engages in physical activity for the first time. Research on understanding the motives for individuals to choose to exercise could be of great practical value (Markland and Hardy 1993) and therefore conceptualizing an exercise program according to exercisers motives seems to be essential. Concerning exercising, goals of pleasure,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Examining exercise motives between gender, age and activity: A first-order scale analysis and measurement invariance

et al. 2019

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“…The determinants of a positive or negative body image depend on factors such as age, gender, media exposure, cultural, social values and beliefs. Different stages of life imply different yearnings for the desired body pattern (57). Thus, in the case of obese middle-aged women, exposed to the standards of beauty imposed by the media, improvements in their body acceptance was extremely relevant after the intervention period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group Nutrition Counseling or Individualized Prescription for Women With Obesity? A Clinical Trial

Bolognese

Franco

Ferrari

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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Background: This study investigates the effects of group counseling vs. individual dietary prescription on physical, nutritional, and mental health in overweight or obese women. Methods: Seventy-four women aged 40-59 years with body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m 2 were randomized into 2 intervention arms: group nutrition counseling (GNC) or individualized nutrition prescription (INP). Twenty-seven women completed the 12-week intervention protocol. The GNC received counseling once a week and the INP received an individualized prescription once a month. All participants attended physical exercise sessions 3 times a week following the same protocol. Body mass, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, lean mass, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c, insulin and liver transaminases were measured pre-and post-intervention in both arms. A 3 day food record was applied to calculate the intake of calories, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Body image dissatisfaction, level of anxiety, self-esteem measure and pathological eating attitudes were measured. Results: Both dietary interventions decreased body mass, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, total caloric intake, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and saturated and polyunsaturated fats (p < 0.05). Lean mass, metabolic variables, self-esteem and pathological eating attitudes remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both nutritional interventions combined with concurrent exercise were effective to improve anthropometrics, body composition, food intake, and some mental health parameters. We suggest that the choice of nutritional intervention (GNC or INP) could be based on the participants preference, considering the adherence and satisfaction, to promote health and quality of life.

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“…Physical activity provides numerous benefits in the elderly, including prevention and treatment of diseases and disabilities [51]. A study of elderly Brazilian women (60 years or older) showed that those practicing regular resistance training expressed greater satisfaction with their body image and greater functional strength in the upper and lower limbs, compared to inactive women [52]. Most elderly men and women showed low levels of physical activity (a category that included individuals with no physical activity whatsoever), and among them there were higher rates of overweight and obesity (results not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Body Size Perception and Body Image (Dis)Satisfaction in the Elderly: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study

Fonseca

Pimenta

Albuquerque

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The study aimed to assess the association between body image perception and (dis)satisfaction and sociodemographic and behavioral factors in the elderly, using multinomial logistic regression. Data were analyzed for 1686 women and 1499 men participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Men with less schooling and women with lower per capita income showed higher odds of underestimating their body size. Former smokers of both sexes showed higher odds of overestimating their body size; lower schooling and lower per capita income decreased these odds. Increasing age, lower per capita income, and smoking increased the odds of dissatisfaction due to thinness in men, and married marital status decreased these odds. In women, low per capita income, weekly consumption of vegetables, and smoking increased the odds of such dissatisfaction. Factors that increased the odds of dissatisfaction due to excess weight in both sexes were primary or secondary schooling and former smoking. In women, low per capita income, weak physical activity, weekly consumption of vegetables, and excessive alcohol intake also increased the odds of such dissatisfaction. The results suggest that improved living conditions and the adoption of healthy behaviors can help reduce misperceived negative body image among elderly.

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Does resistance training improve body image satisfaction among the elderly? A cross-sectional study

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Examining exercise motives between gender, age and activity: A first-order scale analysis and measurement invariance

Examining exercise motives between gender, age and activity: A first-order scale analysis and measurement invariance

Group Nutrition Counseling or Individualized Prescription for Women With Obesity? A Clinical Trial

Factors Associated with Body Size Perception and Body Image (Dis)Satisfaction in the Elderly: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study

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