Maturação fisiológica de sementes de <i>Erythrina variegata </i>L.

Abstract

RESUMOO trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a maturação fisiológica de sementes de Erythrina variegata L. Cada flor foi identificada em sua respectiva data de antese. A partir dos 21 dias após a antese (DAA) efetuaramse coletas semanais de frutos para avaliações das seguintes características: comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos; coloração, massa fresca, massa seca e teor de água de frutos e sementes; germinação e vigor das sementes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado. O crescimento dos frutos de Erythrina variegata, em comprimento e diâmetro, vai até 42 DAA. As sementes começam a germinar aos 63 DAA, cujo teor de água é de 68,15% e a massa seca 481,38 mg semente -1 . A máxima germinação e vigor são obtidos aos 77 DAA, que coincide com o máximo conteúdo de massa seca, frutos com coloração castanho-escura, sementes castanho-arroxeadas, com tegumento córneo e teor de água de 21%, considerado o ponto de maturação fisiológica dessas sementes. Após 91 DAA ocorre a deiscência dos frutos. Palavras-chave: germinação; vigor; época de coleta; morfologia. ABSTRACTThe study objective was to determine the physiological maturation of the Erythrina variegata L. seed. Each flower was identified according to its respective anthesis date. The fruit was collected weekly following the 21 st day after anthesis (DAA). The following characteristics were evaluated: length and diameter of each fruit; color, fresh mass, dry mass, water content of both fruit and seeds; the seed germination state and vigor. The experimental design utilized was the completely randomized. It was found that the fruit of Erythrina variegata continues to grow in both length and diameter up until the 42 nd DAA. The seeds start to germinate on the 63 rd DAA, when the seed water content is 68.15% and the dry mass is 481.38 mg per seed. The maximum germination and vigor are obtained at the 77 th DAA which coincides with the maximum seed dry mass. At this time the fruit has a dark brown color with brown-purple seeds which have a corneous tegument and a water content of 21%. This is considered as being the physiological maturation point of the seeds. The dehiscence of the fruit occurs at the 91 st DAA.

Maturation and germination of Vernonanthura discolor seeds

“…The determination of dry matter to identify the point of physiological maturity was also effective for seeds of various species, such as pink-ipê (Gemaque;Davide;Faria, 2002), quaresmeira Dias;Pareira, 2005), thrush (Alves et al, 2005), Surinam cherry (Avila et al, 2009), and Indian coral tree (Matheus;Corrêa, 2011).…”

“…The identification of these parameters that characterize the physiological maturity of seeds was used in several species, such as pink-ipe (Gemaque;Davide;Faria, 2002), quaresmeira Dias;Pareira, 2005), thrush (Alves et al, 2005), red oak (Lopes and Soares, 2006), Brazil wood (Aguiar et al, 2007), Surinam cherry (Avila et al, 2009), canafístula (Nakagawa et al, 2010, Indian coral tree (Matheus;Corrêa, 2011), and Starburr (Duarte et al, 2012). ** Significant at 1% of probability by the F test.…”

Do recalcitrant seeds really exist?

“…Some of these studies can also include water potential, respiration rate and chemical composition (Borges et al 2006, Ramya et al 2012, Mata et al 2013. Several works also include the fruit characteristics, mainly while establishing a visual diagnosis of the appropriate time to harvest or to identify the characteristics of the fruit that correspond to the best physiological quality of the seeds (Borges et al 2005, Matheus et al 2011. However, it is not surprisingly that both fruit and seed characteristics change according to the species and conditions in which the seeds are formed, making it difficult to standardize these characteristics in order to identify the physiological maturity of seeds.…”

Physiological maturity of Tabebuia aurea (Silva Manso) Benth. & Hook. f. ex S. Moore seeds

“…Seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Agustini et al, 2015), Oreopanax fulvus Marchal (Pinto et al, 2016), and Erythrina variegata L. (Matheus et al, 2011) showed no differences in the length of fruits from different maturation stages. According to Barbosa et al (2015), fruit and seed sizes are good indicators to assist in the evaluation of seed physiological maturity, which reach the maximum size in the intermediate stages of the maturation process, with a slight reduction at the end due to water loss, a fact also found for Inga striata Benth.…”