Clinical and Radiographic Sequelae in Primary Teeth due to Dental Trauma

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the presence of clinical and radiographic sequelae in primary teeth affected by dental trauma and its association with age at the time of trauma in children attended at a Public Higher Education Institution. Material and Methods: This is a longitudinal clinical study, in which 229 patients with history of dental trauma in primary teeth were examined, totaling 390 traumatized teeth. Relative frequency analysis was used, and for associations, the Chi-square test was used to verify the relationship of age at the time of trauma with variables such as type of trauma. Results: The most prevalent age group was over 24 months, and fall from own height as the main etiological factor; 71.0% of traumas had involvement of 2 teeth, 9.5% had history of anterior trauma and 66.6% of traumas involved supporting tissues. Regarding the type of injury to dental tissue, the most prevalent was enamel fracture (58.3%) and to periodontium, lateral dislocation (30.8%). Children older than two years had less trauma related to dental tissue (p<0.01), higher number of injuries to the periodontium (p=0.03); and most of them did not present extra-oral changes associated with trauma (p=0.01). During the 12month period, 325 teeth were examined, and the most frequent clinical sequelae observed was crown discoloration. In the radiographic evaluation, inflammatory root resorption was the most prevalent. Conclusion: Children older than two years presented more injuries to the periodontium. After 12 months, the main clinical sequelae observed was enamel discoloration and the main radiographic sequelae was inflammatory root resorption.

Trauma in Primary Teeth at a Specialized Service Center: Retrospective Cohort

“…The presence of clinical sequelae is significantly related to the severity of the lesion, which does not occur with the radiological sequel [28], justifying our results, where the number of traumatized teeth with clinical sequelae (47%) was superior to radiological ones (41.6%). This can be explained by another study with patients of similar ages to the present study, showing that the degree of maturation of the roots of primary teeth at the moment of the lesion may be associated with possible sequels presented [29]. Such a finding can be explained by the fact that children with less age have a more open root apex, consequently, a greater vascularization in the place, improving the response of the host to the trauma [30].…”

Successful minimally invasive intervention in a primary central incisor after root fracture: A case report

“…10 The reported baby had a history of previous trauma and evidence points to a higher incidence of sequelae in recurrently traumatized teeth. 11 In such a situation, monitoring is a priority.…”

Root Fracture and Extrusive Luxation in Primary Teeth and Their Management: A Case Report

“…As previously stated, at 1 year follow-up, the deciduous tooth showed no sensitivity to percussion nor pulp alteration, and the crown showed no signs of alteration in color. Common signs of early pulp canal obliteration (PCO) were present; this often occurs after dental injuries and can be associated or not with crown discoloration [ 37 , 38 ]. It is important to remark that the work by Santos et al [ 37 ], analyzing 112 traumatized teeth with 9 years follow-up, stated that there was no association between PCO and secondary pulp necrosis.…”

“…Common signs of early pulp canal obliteration (PCO) were present; this often occurs after dental injuries and can be associated or not with crown discoloration [ 37 , 38 ]. It is important to remark that the work by Santos et al [ 37 ], analyzing 112 traumatized teeth with 9 years follow-up, stated that there was no association between PCO and secondary pulp necrosis. Another aspect that can be observed in the periapical radiograph of the current case report, as well as in similar cases [ 39 ], is the atypical resorption of the apical fragment, where—even if different from the physiological one—its characteristics are also different from pathologic root resorption.…”