Introduction: Oral mycobiome profiling is important to understand host-pathogen interactions that occur in various diseases. Invasive fungal infections are particularly relevant for patients who have received chemotherapy and for those who have HIV infection. In addition, changes in fungal microbiota are associated with the worsening of chronic conditions like atopic dermatitis (AD). This work aims, through a systematic review, to analyze the methods used in previous studies to identify oral fungi and their most frequent species in patients with the following conditions: HIV infection, leukemia, and atopic dermatitis. Methods: A literature search was performed on several different databases. Inclusion criteria were: written in English or Portuguese; published between September 2009 and September 2019; analyzed oral fungi of HIV-infected, leukemia, or AD patients. Results: 21 studies were included and the most identified species was Candida. The predominant methods of identification were morphological (13/21) and sugar fermentation and assimilation tests (11/21). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the most used molecular method (8/21) followed by sequencing techniques (3/21). Conclusions: Although morphological and biochemical tests are still used, they are associated with high-throughput sequencing techniques, due to their accuracy and time saving for profiling the predominant species in oral mycobiome.
Objective: to analyze videos posted about HIV/AIDS and adolescence in the YouTube channel and its implications on the practice of care. Method: this is a quantitative, exploratory study using a sample of 137 videos using the descriptors "adolescent, infection, HIV, Aids, videos" using the Boolean operator and. The content was categorized for the discussion of the data and the analysis of the final sample. Results: the power of influence that the media can generate and the aspects that directly influence the actions in health when approached the subject can be perceived. Conclusion: it is concluded that the influence that the virtual media incites in adolescents, as a web-spectator, should be discussed, analyzed and supervised, since the information contained therein reaches a considerable number of people, including those who are seeking to form opinions and who may use the information contained in these videos for this purpose. Descriptors: Adolescent; Infection; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Audiovisual Resources; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sex Education.RESUMOObjetivo: analisar vídeos postados sobre à temática HIV/AIDS e adolescência no canal do YouTube® e suas implicações para a prática do cuidado. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, exploratório utilizando-se uma amostra de 137 vídeos com o uso dos descritores “adolescente, infecção, HIV, Aids, vídeos” mediante a aplicação do operador booleano and. Realizou-se a categorização do conteúdo para a discussão dos dados e a análise da amostra final. Resultados: percebeu-se o poder de influência que as mídias podem gerar e os aspectos que influenciam diretamente as ações em saúde quando abordada a temática. Conclusão: conclui-se que a influência que a mídia virtual incita no adolescente, enquanto webespectator, deve ser discutida, analisada e fiscalizada, uma vez que as informações ali contidas atingem um número considerável de pessoas, incluindo as que estão buscando formar opiniões e que podem utilizar as informações contidas nesses vídeos para esse fim. Descritores: Adolescente; Infecção; HIV; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; Recursos Audiovisuais; Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis; Educação Sexual.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar vídeos publicados sobre la temática VIH / SIDA y adolescencia en el canal de YouTube® y sus implicaciones para la práctica del cuidado. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, exploratorio utilizando una muestra de 137 videos con el uso de los descriptores "adolescente, infección, VIH, sida, videos" mediante la aplicación del operador booleano and. Se realizó la categorización del contenido para la discusión de los datos y el análisis de la muestra final. Resultados: se percibió el poder de influencia que los medios pueden generar y los aspectos que influencian directamente las acciones en salud cuando abordada la temática. Conclusión: se concluye que la influencia que los medios virtuales incita al adolescente, como webespectator, debe ser discutida, analizada y fiscalizada, una vez que las informaciones allí contenidas alcanza a un número considerable de personas, incluyendo las que están buscando formar opiniones y que pueden utilizar la información contenida en estos vídeos a tal fin. Descriptores: Adolescente; Infección; VIH; Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Recursos Audiovisuales; Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual; Educación Sexual.
Persistent inflammatory responses in the elderly may act as modifiers on the progression and repair of chronic apical periodontitis lesions (CAPLs). While the involvement of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in inflammatory responses and, particularly, in CAPL has been documented, their expression in elderly patients needs to be further characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in CAPL from elderly individuals with young/middle-aged individuals. Thirty CAPL (15 cysts and 15 granulomas) from elderly patients (>60 years) and 30 CAPL (15 cysts and 15 granuloma) from young/middle-aged individuals (20–56 years) were selected. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed against IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The slides were subdivided into five high-magnification fields and analyzed. The number of positive stains was evaluated for each antibody. There was no significant difference between the cytokines when the cysts and granuloma were compared in the two groups. In the young/middle-aged, only IL-1β showed a difference and was significantly higher in granulomas (p = 0.019). CAPL pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the elderly were significantly higher than in young/middle-aged individuals (p < 0.05). The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in CAPL in the elderly compared with the young/middle-aged group. Further elaborate research studies/analyses to elucidate the reasons for and consequences of inflammation in the elderly are recommended.
The objective of this retrospective, observational study was to describe the oral lesions diagnosed in older patients through histopathological reports from the oral pathology service of a private university in Rio de Janeiro over a 19 year period (1999-2017) and to call attention to the oral health of the elderly. Information was collected and analyzed from 713 medical records of patients aged ≥ 60 years old. The data collected included the patient's age, gender and the type and location of the injury. The mean age of the patients was 68.1 years old, with a higher prevalence of lesions in the 60 to 74 age group. The results showed that three of the four most common oral lesions were more frequent in women and only one (oral squamous cell carcinoma) was more common in men. The 4 most common injuries were: fibrous inflammatory hyperplasia (187; 26.2%), oral squamous cell carcinoma (78; 10.9%), leukoplakia (40; 5.6%) and oral lichen planus (36; 5.0%). These lesions were distributed mainly in the alveolar edge (71; 20.8%) followed by tongue (57; 16.7%), bottom of the vestibule (55; 16.1%), and buccal mucosa (44; 12.9%). The results obtained should be used to alert health professionals, especially dentists, so that early diagnoses of such lesions can be made and thus contribute to improving the quality of care for the elderly.
RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar as propostas temáticas associadas a infecções por herpes vírus tipos 1 e 2 abordadas na plataforma virtual YouTube™, tendo em conta a possibilidade dos múltiplos cenários para a prática do cuidado. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo e exploratório, realizando-se buscas específicas que descrevessem a possibilidade de visualizar algum estudo prévio sobre herpes vírus tipos 1 e 2 na plataforma virtual YouTube™. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: selecionaram-se, a partir dos cruzamentos realizados na plataforma, 57 vídeos como amostra, abordando assuntos importantes como informações sobre herpes vírus 1 e 2, dados epidemiológicos, sinais e sintomas, importância do tratamento e formas de prevenção. Conclusão: observou-se a importância da internet no que tange à transmissão de informação e, também, e em promover uma educação continuada a todos os usuários que têm acesso à mesma. Descritores: Herpes Vírus Humano Tipo 1; Herpes Vírus Humano Tipo 2; Úlcera; Infecção e DST; Vídeos; Educação em Saúde.ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the thematic proposals associated with herpes virus types 1 and 2 infections addressed in the YouTube ™ virtual platform, taking into account the possibility of multiple scenarios for the practice of care. Method: this is a quantitative and exploratory study, with specific searches describing the possibility of visualizing a previous study on herpes virus types 1 and 2 on the YouTube ™ virtual platform. Results were presented in the form of tables. Results: 57 videos were selected as a sample, covering important topics such as information on herpes virus 1 and 2, epidemiological data, signs and symptoms, importance of treatment and prevention. Conclusion: the importance of the internet in relation to the transmission of information was observed, as well as in promoting a continuous education to all users who have access to it. Descriptors: Human Herpesvirus 1; Human Herpesvirus 2; Ulcer; Infection and STD; Videos; Health Education.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar las propuestas temáticas asociadas a infecciones por herpes virus tipo 1 y 2 abordadas en la plataforma virtual YouTube ™, teniendo en cuenta la posibilidad de los múltiples escenarios para la práctica del cuidado. Método: se trata de estudio cuantitativo y exploratorio, realizándose búsquedas específicas que pudiera describir la posibilidad de visualizar algún estudio previo sobre herpes virus tipos 1 y 2 en la plataforma virtual YouTube ™. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas. Resultados: se seleccionaron, a partir de los cruces realizados en la plataforma, 57 videos como muestra, abordando asuntos importantes como informaciones sobre herpes virus 1 y 2, datos epidemiológicos, signos y síntomas, importancia del tratamiento y formas de prevención. Conclusión: se ha observado la importancia de la Internet en lo que se refiere a la transmisión de información y, también, en promover una educación continuada a todos los usuarios que tienen acceso a la misma. Descriptores: Virus Del Herpes Humano 1; Virus Herpes Humano 2; Úlcera; Infección y STD; Vídeos; Educación en Salud.
A Síndrome de Apert, também chamada de acrocefalossindactilia tipo 1, é caracterizada pelo encerramento prematuro das suturas cranianas (craniossinostose), sindactilia simétrica das mãos e dos pés e anomalias faciais. Outras anormalidades observadas são atraso mental, anquilose articular e anomalias da coluna vertebral. Destacam-se, ainda, a hipoplasia da face média com Classe III, lábios hipotônicos, úvula bífida, erupção ectópica, má oclusão e pseudofenda palatina. A cavidade bucal desses pacientes apresenta normalmente uma redução no tamanho da maxila, em particular na direção anteroposterior. Essa redução pode resultar em apinhamento dentário e uma mordida aberta anterior. A mandíbula está dentro do tamanho e da forma normal, e simula um pseudoprognatismo. Anomalias dentárias, tais como dentes inclusos, erupção retardada, agenesia dentária, hipoplasia do esmalte, dentes ectópicos ou supranumerários são comumente observadas. Diante da necessidade de um tratamento multidisciplinar e da relevância do cirurgião-dentista no acompanhamento desses pacientes, o objetivo deste relato é descrever as manifestações bucais da síndrome, enfatizando as características mais frequentes no período de transição da dentição decídua para a dentição permanente.
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