The gap between psychology and neuroscience is widening more than ever. Different scientific associations in Brazil separately promote psychology, neuroscience, and neuropsychology. Nevertheless, the relationship among these fields endorses interdisciplinary and translational research, the goal of which is to approach basic-to-clinical research and vice-versa for a better understanding of emotion, behavior, and psychological processes and their alterations. The IBNeC is a scientific society that brings together students, professors, and researchers who share a common interest in the relationship between brain and behavior. This is a multidisciplinary enterprise that seeks to integrate the knowledge produced by clinical and experimental research within the wide range of the fields of psychology and neuroscience. Creating its own identity, IBNeC contributes to the academic and professional growth of neuropsychology and behavioral neuroscience in Brazil, thus improving the impact of neuroscientific knowledge in psychological education. On September 23-25, 2010, IBNeC held its First National Meeting in conjunction with the Second Forum on the Neurobiology of Stress (see Brandão, 2010, for a special section on the first forum sponsored by the Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior).More than 400 participants met in Rio de Janeiro for this landmark meeting of psychology and neuroscience. The program consisted of 16 lectures, 10 seminars, three clinical meetings, and two minicourses, in addition to poster sessions on subjects that ranged from the study of clinical cases to basic research. Two awards for distinguished contributions to research and teaching in psychology and neuroscience were given to Prof. Frederico Graeff and Prof. Cesar Ades. Plenary lectures were delivered by international speakers