Supplemental protease improves in vitro disappearance of dry matter and crude protein in feather meal and copra meal for pigs

Effects of supplemental xylanase on in vitro disappearance of dry matter in feed ingredients for swine

“…In the current study, chemical compositions of the test ingredients were within the range of values in the literature (Stein et al, 2016;Son et al, 2019). The in vitro DM disappearance procedure has been used to estimate the in vivo digestibility of energy and nutrients in feed ingredients (Park et al, 2012), and to determine the efficacy of exogenous enzyme complexes (Park et al, 2016;Ha et al, 2020). The IVID and IVTTD of DM in test ingredients in the present work were within the range of reported values Fernández, 1995, 1997;Kong et al, 2015;Park et al, 2016).…”

“…However, the effects of exogenous xylanase from Bacillus subtilis on various feed ingredients have rarely been compared. In vitro assays have been used to evaluate effects of supplemental enzymes on nutrient digestibility because these assays are less expensive and laborious compared with in vivo assays (Kong et al, 2015;Ha et al, 2020). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental xylanase on in vitro ileal disappearance (IVID) and in vitro total tract disappearance (IVTTD) of dry matter (DM) in various feed ingredients.…”

In Vitro Protein Disappearance of Raw Chicken as Dog Foods Decreased by Thermal Processing, but Was Unaffected by Non-Thermal Processing

“…After the 2-step in vitro assay, the undigested residues and Celite were collected, weighed, and analyzed for CP. Then, IVID of CP was calculated using the following equation modified from Ha et al [ 18 ]: IVID of CP (%) = [(DM Meat × CP Meat ) − {(DM UR × CP UR ) − (DM Blank × CP Blank )}] ÷ (DM Meat × CP Meat ) × 100 where, CP Meat , CP UR , and CP Blank are the CP concentrations (%) expressed as DM basis in the thermal or non-thermal processed chicken meat, undigested residue, and blank, respectively.…”

“…Alternatively, in vitro procedures are inexpensive, time-saving, and non-invasive methods compared with in vivo experiments. In vitro assays are widely used to determine nutrient utilization in ingredients [ 7 , 15 ] and extruded diets [ 16 , 17 ] for dogs and feed ingredients [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and diets [ 25 , 26 ] for pigs based on the high correlation between in vivo nutrient digestibility and in vitro nutrient disappearance [ 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

An In Vitro Study on the Efficacy of Mycotoxin Sequestering Agents for Aflatoxin B1, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone

“…Animal experiments to determine the efficacy of the mycotoxin sequestering agents are costly and time-consuming. Alternatively, in vitro procedures mimicking the conditions in the stomach and the small intestine of pigs [12] are available for testing mycotoxin sequestering products [13][14][15][16][17][18]. In some experiments [13,14], however, the intestinal environment of animals was not fully simulated.…”