Obesity: A Risk Marker or an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease?

Dippe, Tufi; Cerci, Rodrigo

doi:10.36660/ijcs.20190210

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Although there are still controversies about obesity and overweight being independent risk factors for CV diseases 18 , its role in decompensating other well-established risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and DM, is consensual. 19 The prevalence of obesity is increasing in the Brazilian population and, among women, it is worth mentioning the increase in the pattern of central obesity, which is more related to CV risk.…”

Section: Traditional Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Risk Profile of a Young Adult Women Population Assisted in Primary Care

Mello¹,

Klen²,

Azevedo³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the major cause of women mortality: around 8.5 million deaths every year 1 , which increases the demand for prevention strategies that take into account the particularities of its evolution. 2,3 CV risk assessment in women involves not only traditional risk factors, but specific ones (gestational complications and hormonal alterations), as well as those that have a higher impact on women's health, such as autoimmune and psychiatric diseases. 3 Regarding traditional risk factors, it must also be considered that they have different impacts on women. 4,5 We know that women's CV risk increases in the postmenopausal period when she loses her hormonal protection. However, CV health of younger women is

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Section: Traditional Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Risk Profile of a Young Adult Women Population Assisted in Primary Care

Mello¹,

Klen²,

Azevedo³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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“…Therefore, results such as these are very important in balancing the idea of metabolic healthy obesity (MHO), which can mislead and postpone the intervention programs that a high number of individuals need. Even when the MHO phenotype is correctly identified, there is a chance of its reversing over time, as MHO is an unstable state and an important part of the subjects evolve to an unhealthy phenotype within a number of years [ 9 , 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of this phenotype can vary between ≈15% and ≈30% depending on the definition of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) relied upon, using the criterion of meeting either 0 or 0–1 MetS components [ 10 ]. Studies have revealed that MHO is an unstable state, as an important portion of MHO subjects evolved to an unhealthy phenotype within a number of years [ 9 , 11 ]. The necessity of finding better ways to diagnose people with obesity through the use of risk stratification categories is important in determining which people are at high risk and in need of intervention strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring New Tools for Risk Classification among Adults with Several Degrees of Obesity

Westphal

Chaput

Faúndez-Casanova

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The epidemic of obesity worldwide has been recognized as a very important challenge. Within its complexity, the identification of higher-risk patients is essential, as it is unsustainable to offer access to treatment to all people with obesity. Several new approaches have recently been presented as important tools for risk stratification. In this research, we applied several of these tools in a cross-sectional study involving adults with obesity classes I, II, III, and super-obesity. The participants had their cardiometabolic risk profiles assessed. The study included adults with obesity aged 18 to 50 years (n = 404), who were evaluated using anthropometric, body composition, hemodynamic, physical fitness, and biochemical assessments. These variables were used to identify the prevalence of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases according to the classes of obesity by gender and age group. The results showed high prevalence of risk factors, especially among the upper classes of obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) using single parameters as the waist circumference, with almost 90% above the cut-off point. For smaller numbers such as Glycated Hemoglobin, however, the prevalence was around 30%. Indexes such as the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) had the highest prevalence, with 100% of the male participants identified as being at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

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“…Most cases of stroke and MI are related to the fatty deposits on the inner walls of the blood vessels that supply oxygen to the brain or heart. Usually, strokes and MI are caused by a combination of risk factors, such as obesity 7 ; smoke 8 ; alcohol; hypertension 9 ; diabetes 10 ; and hyperlipidemia 11 . The leading cause of heart disease and stroke is cholesterol plaque which has developed into atherosclerosis 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apo-B Levels and Abdominal Aortic Wall Thickness in Hypercholesterolemic Rats Treated with Red Guava Fruit

Maryanto

Oktianti

2023

AMNT

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Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is mainly related to hypercholesterolemia. Sometimes CHD occurs in people with normal cholesterol. Therefore, it is necessary to study other factors that cause CHD: apolipoprotein B (apo-B). Atherosclerosis is a marker of CHD, characterized by the thickening of the walls of blood vessels and the narrowing of blood vessels. Non-pharmacologically, CHD can be managed by consuming foods with high fiber and antioxidants, such as red guava fruit. Objectives: This research aimed to analyze the consequence of red guava fruit on the Apo-B levels and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall in hypercholesterolemic rats. Methods: The research design was a pre and post-test and a randomized control group. Fifty hypercholesterolemic adults male Sprague Dawley rats were given red guava fruit. The primary treatment used red guava fruit as a treatment group, referring to the fiber requirement of 38 g/day, and simvastatin as a positive control group based on a human dose of 10 mg/day, the conversion of human to mouse dose, according to Laurence-Bacarach is 0.018. The negative control group was hypercholesterolemic rats. The standard feed for the rats was based on AIN93. The Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay method measures apo-B levels, Kit For apo-B Rattus norwegicus, Catalog No. E92003Ra, produced by Uscn Life Science Inc. The aorta was taken after going through general anesthesia and thoracotomy. Furthermore, the aorta was processed for making histological preparations with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe histopathological changes. Results: Observation of aortic wall thickness using a microscope with a magnification of 400X. Simvastatin and red guava fruit have reduced Apo-B by 7% and 6%, respectively. Conclusions: The performance of red guava fruit in reducing Apo-B concentration and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall was equal to the simvastatin.

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Obesity: A Risk Marker or an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease?

Abstract: We congratulate Pereira et al. for their study investigating the role of obesity as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) using coronary computed tomography angiography. The study included 1,383 patients, none with a history of CAD. 1

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Cardiovascular Risk Profile of a Young Adult Women Population Assisted in Primary Care

Cardiovascular Risk Profile of a Young Adult Women Population Assisted in Primary Care

Exploring New Tools for Risk Classification among Adults with Several Degrees of Obesity

Apo-B Levels and Abdominal Aortic Wall Thickness in Hypercholesterolemic Rats Treated with Red Guava Fruit

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