Exploring New Tools for Risk Classification among Adults with Several Degrees of Obesity

Abstract

The epidemic of obesity worldwide has been recognized as a very important challenge. Within its complexity, the identification of higher-risk patients is essential, as it is unsustainable to offer access to treatment to all people with obesity. Several new approaches have recently been presented as important tools for risk stratification. In this research, we applied several of these tools in a cross-sectional study involving adults with obesity classes I, II, III, and super-obesity. The participants had their cardiometabolic risk profiles assessed. The study included adults with obesity aged 18 to 50 years (n = 404), who were evaluated using anthropometric, body composition, hemodynamic, physical fitness, and biochemical assessments. These variables were used to identify the prevalence of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases according to the classes of obesity by gender and age group. The results showed high prevalence of risk factors, especially among the upper classes of obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) using single parameters as the waist circumference, with almost 90% above the cut-off point. For smaller numbers such as Glycated Hemoglobin, however, the prevalence was around 30%. Indexes such as the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) had the highest prevalence, with 100% of the male participants identified as being at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

Effects of physical activity in adults with severe obesity: a systematic review

“…In the context of multidisciplinary weight reduction treatment programs, the analysis of the selected studies revealed that only three of them explicitly indicate the collaboration of multiprofessional teams, comprised of professionals from fields such as medicine, psychology, nutrition, physical education, among others (Westphal-Nardo et al, 2023;Danielsen et al, 2013;Errickson et al, 2016). This limited adherence to multidisciplinary approaches can be attributed, in part, to the constraints of resources available for research in the field of physical activity, as well as the deficiency in the integration among healthcare professionals (Goodman et al, 2007).…”

“…These research efforts aim to identify and understand the behavioral risk factors that play a fundamental role in the genesis and progression of these diseases. It is noteworthy that adults with severe obesity (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m 2 ) often have a high risk of comorbidities, low physical fitness, as well as functional limitations, which hinder autonomy in performing daily routine activities (Pitanga et al, 2019;Pataky et al, 2014;Westphal-Nardo et al, 2023;Kitahara et al, 2014).…”

Efficacy and Effectiveness of Clinical Trials Applied to the Treatment of Obesity: A Systematic Review

“…The challenge represented by the obesity and associated conditions requires effective interventions available to the population. Despite the research approach/intervention adopted, according to the most recognized institutions and international organizations, the model of attention applied in the treatment of obesity should be based on behavioral interventions directed to promote lifestyle changes (Westphal-Nardo et al, 2023). These programs use strategies to increase physical activity and promote better dietary habits .…”

Beyond Restrictive: Sleeve Gastrectomy to Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy as a Spectrum of One Single Procedure

“…Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/ DS) is the most effective weight loss intervention for the treatment of patients with obesity class 3 [1,2]. Single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is another restrictive/hypoabsorptive bariatric procedure that has been replacing BPD/DS, being technically simpler with comparable short-term results [3].…”