Anchusa italica extract: phytochemical and neuroprotective evaluation on global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

Abstract

Stroke is the third leading cause of mortality and disability in industrial countries. Treatment with herbs with antioxidant properties has been reported to be an alternative to the conventional treatments. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Anchusa italica extract on hippocampal injury induced by transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the rat. To do so, 50 rats were randomly assigned to five groups; control, sham, ischemia, and 50 or 100 mg/kg of Anchusa italica treated animals. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of carotid artery for 30 minutes. Afterward, behavioral tests and biochemical analyses were conducted. Induction of ischemia/reperfusion caused a decline in learning and passive avoidance memory in rats. Moreover, Anchusa italica caused an increase in learning and improved the passive avoidance memory. Induction of ischemia/reperfusion caused a decrease in the antioxidant capacity of the brain and serum as well as an increase in the malondialdehyde of the brain and serum. Anchusa italica led to an increase in the antioxidant capacity of the brain and serum and decrease in the malondialdehyde of the brain and serum. Overall, because of its protective effects on spatial memory, passive avoidance learning, antioxidant capacity, and lipid peroxidation during ischemia/reperfusion, Anchusa italica might be beneficial in ischemic patients.

Constipation: An ethno-botanical study of medicinal plants used for constipation in Shahrekord city, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province, Iran

“…Various causes of constipation usually limit its clinical efficacy of the conventional treatments. Medicinal plant usually have mul-tifunction properties [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The shortcomings of the current treatments can be completed by medicinal plants which not only are able to target multiple organs of the body but also can reduce their toxic effects [29][30][31][32][33].…”

An Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants With Antianxiety and Antidepressant Effects in Shahrekord

“…The plants mostly, including the presented plants in this article have antioxidant activities. In this regard a lot of medicinal plants with antioxidant activity have been shown to be effective against anxiety and depression [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Furthermore, these patients mostly have other disease and plants usually are effective against a number of diseases [48][49][50][51].…”

Hydroalcoholic Extract of Anchusa Italica Protects Global Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via a Nitrergic Mechanism

“…100 mg/kg (AI-100) administered daily for 10 days, 24 h after I-R induction. Also, the animals in the sham-operated group were managed identically to controls; however, they underwent surgery without global cerebral artery occlusion (Torki et al, 2018).…”