Bioactive compounds and antioxidants activities in the agro-industrial residues of berries by solvent and enzyme assisted extraction

Abstract

Berries stand out because they present benefits to human health, however, their residues are generally discarded which contain appreciable amounts of bioactive compounds retained in the shells and seeds of these fruits. The objective of this work was to characterize the residues of berries, and compare the extraction by enzymatic treatment and by solvent, determining the bioactive compounds, antioxidant activities and individual phenolic compounds by UPLC-QDa-MS. The acerola peel extracted with the protease/peptidase enzyme showed the best result of total phenolics, equivalent to 45.46 mg GA/g DW, as well as rutin with the highest concentration identified, equivalent to 15737.13 µg/ g DW. The results of antioxidant activities showed a significant increase for the FRAP assay with 120.96 µmolTE/g for the methanolic extract and 1547.00 µmolTE/g for the extract with the protease enzyme; the same occurred in the DPPH assay with 22.02 µmolTE/g to 243.93 µmolTE/g and the ABTS assay with 9.17 µmolTE/g to 211.96µmolTE/g. The phenolic class that stood out the most was flavonol followed by flavanone, with emphasis on naringenin with the highest concentration in the methanolic extract of acerola seed, equivalent to 1347.50 µg/g DW, thus proving the importance of enzymatic extraction in agro-industrial residues and possible application in pharmaceutical and food industries.

Chemical characterization of different parts of noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruit and its freeze-dried pulp powder with emphasis on its bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities

“…Variations in values for vitamin C are directly correlated to the degree of maturation of the fruit, since during the maturation period there was a decrease in this compound. Furthermore, Silva et al (2022) reported that the L-ascorbic acid content of acerola peel was 3.06 ± 0.04 mg.g -1 of sample on dry basis; this content is similar to the content found in the lyophilized pulp powder of noni 336.62 ± 0.00 mg/100 g, suggesting that the noni fruit could be considered a fruit with a relevant amount of vitamin C.…”

Enhancing extraction of proanthocyanidins from Chinese quince fruit by ball-milling and enzyme hydrolysis: yield, structure, and bioactivities

“…Enzyme-assisted extraction is based on the degradation of cell wall components, thereby liberating the bound PAs (Cascaes-Teles et al, 2021). Enzyme-assisted extraction is one of the methods to improve the extraction efficiency of PAs, as this method helps to obtain PAs attached to the plant cell walls, which are more difficult to obtain by conventional extraction methods (Silva et al, 2022). In addition, ball milling technology has been reported to be an efficient and environmentally friendly method for ultrafine grinding.…”

Extraction of bioactive components on Indonesian seagrass (Syringodium isoetifolium) using green emerging technology

“…A 50% ethanol is semi-polar, therefore able to extract more phytochemical polarities in polar up to non-polar on Syringodium isoetifolium. (Silva et al, 2022;Vargas-Madriz et al, 2021) reported that the water/ ethanol (v/v) mixture is capable to extract many secondary metabolites in different polarities. Comparing to non-polar solvent, the extraction of phytochemicals in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) using high polarity solvents resulted in high extract yield but low of phenolic and flavonoid content.…”