Antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of some seaweed extracts

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the secondary metabolites, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of four selected seaweeds Padina pavonica, Taonia atomaria, Jania rubens, and Corallina elongata. The maximum value of phenolic content (176.7 ± 6.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/g crude extract) and tannin content (26.5 ± 4.3 mg tannic acid equivalents/g crude extract), was shown in the methanol extract of J. rubens and P. pavonica, respectively. While the ethanol extract of T. atomaria recorded the highest values of total flavonoid content (374.1 ±27.4 mg quercetin equivalents/g crude extract) and total saponins content (30.2 ± 0.7 mg cholesterol equivalents/g crude extract, respectively) compared to other seaweeds. Methanol extract of J. rubens and C. elongata exhibited the greatest content of alkaloids (25.8 ± 4.4 and 22.7 ± 2.6 mg/g d wt.). The methanol extract of P. pavonica established the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (55.7% ± 0.1) at 50 μg/mL. Among the selected seaweed extracts, the ethanol extract of T. atomaria demonstrated the maximum α-amylase inhibition capacity (66.3% ± 0.0). Methanol extract of J. rubens and P. pavonica species effectively prevented the hypotonicity-induced haemolysis in a concentration-dependent manner compared with the diclofenac potassium as a standard anti-inflammatory drug. In vitro, the reported results also supported the safety and non-toxicity of the four seaweed extracts on WI-38 cell line at lower concentrations. J. rubens and P. pavonica methanol extracts recorded the highest cell growth inhibition of the HeLa Cancer Cell Lines compared to other seaweed extracts and the standard drug Cisplatin.

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Algae

“…Besides, the acetone extract of the brown algae T. decurrens showed the highest inhibitory effects for the diabetic enzymes α-amylase (96.1%) with IC50 value of 4.37 mg/mL and α-glucosidase (97.4%) with an IC50 value of 2.84 mg/mL, which was related with its total phenolic content and antioxidant activity [76]. Among the selected seaweed extracts, the ethanol extract of Taonia atomaria (Figure 5c) demonstrated the maximum α-amylase inhibition capacity (66.3% ± 0.0) [78].…”

“…In addition to that, the data of El-Sheekh et al [77] displayed that ethanol extract of the brown algae Taonia atomaria (Figure 5c) has recorded the highest antioxidant potential with the various tested assays. The methanolic extract of Padina pavonica (Ochrophyta, Phaeophyceae) (Figure 5d) established the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (55.7% ± 0.1) at 50 µg/mL [78].…”

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Fucoidans from Five Species of Brown Seaweeds

“…HRBC suspension was prepared according to Shafay et al [ 64 ]. The blood was obtained from a healthy human volunteer who did not take NSAIDs for two weeks before the experiment and was enrolled in the study after signing informed consent.…”

Antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Cedrela sinensis (A. Juss) leaf with ethanol extract concentration

“…The radical scavenging activity of DPPH in CLP extracts was determined as Shafay et al (2022). The sample solution and DPPH solution were stirred at a ratio of 3:1, left in a dark place blocked from light for 30 min, and then absorbance was measured at 517 nm using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer (Equation 2).…”