Morphological and genomic characterization of Rhynchospora tenuis complex (Cyperaceae) and its taxonomic implications

Michelan, Vanessa Silva; Trevisan, Rafael; Silva, Carlos Roberto Maximiano da; Souza, Rui Fragassi; Luceño, Modesto; Vanzela, André Luís Laforga

doi:10.1590/s2175-78602012000400003

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…According to Araújo (2001), R. albiceps and R. consanguinea are very similar morphologically and occur sympatrically. In the case of R. junciformis, Michelan et al (2012) found, in addition to morphological similarity, the species also overlaps in cytogenetic characters and molecular markers with R. tenuis, a species found in this work.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Synopsis of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park, Paraná, Brazil

et al. 2019

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Cyperaceae is the third largest family among the monocotyledons and is highly represented in grassland environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a floristic inventory of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park (GSP) and to elaborate keys to identify the species, the first for this family in this vegetation type in Paraná state. The GSP is home to relictual vegetation in Paraná, where grassland phytophysiognomies predominate, especially in open areas and rocky outcrops. The inventory was based on field collections and database searches. The family Cyperaceae is represented in the GSP by 32 taxa belonging to seven genera, with Rhynchospora (11 spp.), Bulbostylis (8 spp.), and Cyperus (7 spp.) being the genera with the greatest richness. It should be noted that all the species are native and two are endemic to Brazil. Species occurrence was recorded both in drylands and wetlands environments, emphasizing the importance of microenvironmental conservation in the park. The main literature sources for each genus, as well as information regarding distribution and habitat, are here provided.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Synopsis of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park, Paraná, Brazil

et al. 2019

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“…However, ISSR markers are more reliable, because the primers are larger and the annealing temperature is higher, which provides a greater specificity (Bornet and Branchard, 2001). ISSR have been used for several purposes, such as phylogenetic inferences (Dogan et al, 2007), evaluation of genetic diversity (Aguilera et al, 2011), and studies of species complexes (Michelan et al, 2012), among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and genetic relationships between wild and domesticated forms of peppers (Capsicum frutescens L. and C. chinense Jacquin)

et al. 2014

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ABSTRACT. Capsicum chinense and C. frutescens peppers are part of the Brazilian biodiversity, and the Amazon basin is the area of greatest diversity for them, especially for that former species. Nevertheless, little is known about their evolutionary history. Aiming to identify genotypes with wild and domesticated characteristics, 30 accessions of the germplasm bank of Embrapa were characterized using morphological descriptors and ISSR molecular markers. Of the 72 primers tested, 42% showed amplification and produced 136 amplicons with some of the primers, namely i7Pv and i57Zm, allowing the identification of each species. ISSR also revealed polymorphisms within a species, especially between domesticated and wild forms. Four wild accessions collected in the Amazon region (CNPH 4315, CNPH 4372, CNPH 4337 and CNPH 4325B) popularly known as "olho-de-peixe" or "olho-de periquito" were molecularly classified as C. chinense and showed fruit with similar characteristics as the wild species: upright position, rounded to campanulate shape, small size (1.0 cm long and 0.8 cm wide), average weight of 0.2 g, dark-red color when ripe, easy detachment of calyx and presence of calyx annular constriction (discriminative of C. chinense). The wild form CNPH 4353 known as "malaguetinha" was morphologically and molecularly classified as C. frutescens, demonstrating a more preserved morphology in C. frutescens than in C. chinense. A significant correlation was found between morphological and molecular characterization, and the combination of the two analyses was effective in identifying and classifying the wild forms and contributing to evolutionary studies in the genus.

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“…The ChromEvol analysis indicated polyploidization as the major driver of genome evolution in Rhynchospora , followed by dysploidy. Ancestral chromosome number reconstruction gave either x = 5 or x = 10 as potential ACN in contrast to the primary number x = 5, reported by classic cytogenetic studies ( Luceño et al., 1998a ; Vanzela et al., 2000 ; Arguelho et al., 2012 ; Michelan et al., 2012 ). If x = 5 is indeed the ACN for Rhynchospora (as suggested by the Bayesian ChromEvol method), then polyploidy could be more relevant than fission/fusion events, although we could not discard other mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Tenues seems to have happened via a set of events, starting from 2 n = 10 ( n = 5), reducing to 2 n = 4 ( n = 2; descending dysploidy), and achiasmatic meiosis in R. tenuis ( Vanzela et al., 2003 ; Cabral et al., 2014 ), followed by ascending dysploidy to 2 n = 5, 6, and a possible polyploid with 2 n = 8, also in R. tenuis . Besides, potential polyploidy was responsible for 2 n = 18 found in two other species in the section (see Vanzela et al., 1996 ; Vanzela et al., 2000 ; Arguelho et al., 2012 ; Michelan et al., 2012 ). Except for the potential polyploid cases, we do not see such a sharp contrast in DNA content between diploid and dysploid species of this section.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A number of cytogenetic studies compared Rhynchospora karyotypes ( Luceño et al., 1998a ; Vanzela and Guerra, 2000 ; Vanzela et al., 2000 ; Vanzela et al., 2003 ; Sousa et al., 2011 ; Michelan et al., 2012 ; Cabral et al., 2014 ; Marques et al., 2015 ; Ribeiro et al., 2017 ; Ribeiro et al., 2018 ), but none compared karyotype diversity with heterochromatin distribution and DNA C-value variation together, encompassing different clades. The genus Rhynchospora is the third largest clade in Cyperaceae ( Araújo et al., 2012 ), with ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holocentric Karyotype Evolution in Rhynchospora Is Marked by Intense Numerical, Structural, and Genome Size Changes

et al. 2020

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Cyperaceae is a family of Monocotyledons comprised of species with holocentric chromosomes that are associated with intense dysploidy and polyploidy events. Within this family the genus Rhynchospora has recently become the focus of several studies that characterize the organization of the holocentric karyotype and genome structures. To broaden our understanding of genome evolution in this genus, representatives of Rhynchospora were studied to contrast chromosome features, C-CMA/DAPI band distribution and genome sizes. Here, we carried out a comparative analysis for 35 taxa of Rhynchospora, and generated new genome size estimates for 20 taxa. The DNA 2Cvalues varied up to 22-fold, from 2C = 0.51 pg to 11.32 pg, and chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 4 to 61. At least 37% of our sampling exhibited 2n different from the basic number x = 5, and chromosome rearrangements were also observed. A large variation in C-CMA/DAPI band accumulation and distribution was observed as well. We show that genome variation in Rhynchospora is much larger than previously reported. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most taxa were grouped in clades corresponding to previously described taxonomic sections. Basic chromosome numbers are the same within every section, however, changes appeared in all the clades. Ancestral chromosome number reconstruction revealed n = 5 as the most likely ancestral complements, but n = 10 appears as a new possibility. Chromosome evolution models point to polyploidy as the major driver of chromosome evolution in Rhynchospora, followed by dysploidy. A negative correlation between chromosome size and diploid number open the discussion for holokinetic drive-based genome evolution. This study explores relationships between karyotype differentiation and genome size variation in Rhynchospora, and contrasts it against the phylogeny of this holocentric group.

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Morphological and genomic characterization of Rhynchospora tenuis complex (Cyperaceae) and its taxonomic implications

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Synopsis of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park, Paraná, Brazil

Synopsis of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park, Paraná, Brazil

Morphological and genetic relationships between wild and domesticated forms of peppers (Capsicum frutescens L. and C. chinense Jacquin)

Holocentric Karyotype Evolution in Rhynchospora Is Marked by Intense Numerical, Structural, and Genome Size Changes

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