Archaeozoology of marine mollusks from Sambaqui da Tarioba, Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

A reference inventory of prehistoric marine mollusks from the Rio das Ostras region was created based on an excavation carried out at the Sambaqui da Tarioba shellmound. Patterns of richness and biogeography were studied, and the representativeness of bivalve and gastropod diversities found at this archaeological site were inferred. A total of 47 taxa belonging to 28 families, most of which from unconsolidated substrates, was identified. The shellmound species composition does not differ from the present-day composition. All recorded species are characteristic of a wide transition zone between the south of the states of Espírito Santo (21°S) and Rio Grande do Sul (32°S). Thus, the data show little evidence of evolution in the composition, richness,and biodiversity distribution patterns of mollusks in the Rio das Ostras region. Likewise, a reconstitution of the paleoenvironment from the functional characteristics of the shellmound species indicates that the locality's geomorphology and climate remained largely unchanged in the last 4,000 years BP

Tecnologias para a sustentabilidade

“…Estes registros podem nos fornecer informações a respeito dos ambientes existentes no passado 15 , possibilitando inferir, desta forma, em estudos paleoambientais e paleoecológicos que buscam entender os impactos causados pelas mudanças climáticas e antrópicas sobre o ambiente ao longo do tempo, tornando-se assim uma condição necessária para a construção de modelos ecológicos que possam responder às problemáticas das extinções atuais e futuras, além de compreender questões fundamentais, tais como a determinação da expansão natural das espécies ao longo do tempo e/ou a confirmação do status de bioinvasão e seu impacto em ecossistemas nativos, constituindo instrumentos valiosos para uma melhor compreensão das condições ambientais e da influência do homem sobre o ambiente 16,17,18,19 .…”

Biodiversity of Holocene marine fish of the southeast coast of Brazil

“…Furthermore, by-catch occurred; that is, species with no known anthropological relevance were incidentally fished with target species (Reitz & Wing 2008, Villagran & Gianini 2014, Beuclair et al 2016. Therefore, midden records are a good indicator of Holocene biodiversity, providing data on fish species composition, abundance, distribution and richness as well as cultural information (diet, fishing gear, ritualistic symbols, ornaments and artefacts) (Souza et al 2010a, Souza et al 2010b, Faria et al 2014, Mendes et al 2014, Rodrigues et al 2016a, Rodrigues et al 2016b, Beuclair et al 2016.…”

Holocene crustaceans from the Tarioba shell mound, Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…Regarding the biological diversity, the Tarioba shell mound has a malacological inventory of 47 species, including bivalves and gastropods (Souza et al 2010). Faria and collaborators using taxonomic distinctness tests were able to demonstrate that such inventory is not statistically different from a random sample of species from that locality (Faria et al 2014); therefore, they concluded that the Tarioba shell mound is a good repository of information on the Late Holocene biodiversity of the region.…”