Incidence of pressure ulcer in regional hospitals of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Abstract

RESUMOEste estudo quantitativo, descritivo-exploratório objetivou investigar a incidência de úlcera por pressão em três hospitais regionais de Mato Grosso, descrever os dados demográficos e as características das úlceras por pressão (UP). A coleta de dados se deu por meio da avaliação da pele e consulta ao prontuário. A amostra foi constituída por 65 pacientes que apresentavam imobilidade física prejudicada, sendo avaliados durante três meses consecutivos. A incidência de úlcera por pressão nos hospitais variou entre 25% e 66,6%. As úlceras se localizaram principalmente nas regiões sacrococcígea (65,7%) e calcâneos (31,6%). Os estágios de desenvolvimento das úlceras foram, principalmente, estágio I (44,7%) e estágio II (55,3%), não sendo detectada UP em outros estágios. Concluiu-se que a incidência de UP nesses hospitais é elevada, quando comparadas às taxas de incidência de outros estudos nacionais e internacionais, apontando para a necessidade de envolvimento de equipe multiprofissional para a implementação de medidas preventivas eficazes.Descritores: Úlcera por pressão. Incidência. Fatores de risco. Hospitalização. RESUMEN Este estudio cuantitativo exploratorio descriptivo investigó la incidencia de úlceras por presión en tres hospitales regionales de Mato Grosso, Brasil, describir las características demográficas y las úlceras por presión (UP). Los datos fueron recolectados a través de la evaluación de la piel y la consulta a los registros en sus archivos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 65 pacientes con inmovilidad física, evaluados durante tres meses consecutivos. La incidencia tuvo una variación entre 25% y 66,6%. Las úlceras se ubican generalmente en la región sacrococcígea (73,7%) y calcáneos (31,6%). Los estadios de desarrollo de las úlceras fueron estadio I (44,7%) y estadio II (55,3%), no siendo detectado UP en otros estadios. Se concluyó que la incidencia de la UP en los hospitales fue alto en comparación con las tasas de incidencia de otros estudios nacionales e internacionales indicando para la necesidad de participación del equipo multiprofesional para la implementación de medidas eficaces. Descriptores

Ocorrência de úlcera por pressão em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas

“…In relation to gender, in the group with PU, the majority of subjects were female, and in the group without PU the majority was male. In one study conducted, a relationship was found between the female gender and the development of PU (23) , and, in recent research, the incidence of PU was higher in females (22) . However, there was controversy among results of research already reported, which requires further investigation (24) .…”

“…This finding is consistent with research that demonstrated the relationship between age and the development of PU (19)(20)(21) . In contrast, a study of the theme indicates that despite the elderly having a known susceptibility for the development of PU, the proper thing is not to evaluate this variable in an isolated manner (22) . In relation to gender, in the group with PU, the majority of subjects were female, and in the group without PU the majority was male.…”

“…In research conducted with hospitalized orthopedic patients, 22.2% of the diagnosed pressure ulcers were stage I, and 77.8% were stage II (31) . In a recent study, 44.7% of the ulcers were classified as stage I, and 55.3% as stage II (22) . Based on the results of the studies mentioned, it can be inferred that the pressure ulcers that affect most patients are usually diagnosed as stage I and II; these results were also observed in this study.…”

“…In other research, the body surfaces that were most affected by pressure ulcers were the sacrococcygeal region, malleoli and calcanei (30) . In the national literature, we encountered a recent study in which the lesions were located primarily in the region sacrococcygeal (65.7%) and calcanei (31.6%) (22) . In relation to the stage of the ulcers that were diagnosed in the sample investigated, we found that the majority were classified as stage II (56.8%), followed by stage I (40.9%) and stage III (2.3%) ulcers.…”

Incidência de lesão por pressão em unidade de terapia intensiva para adultos

“…Lesión por presión; Unidades de terapia intensiva; Seguridad del paciente; Cuidados de enfermería; Estomaterapia In spite of the evolution of the knowledge of risk factors and measures of PI prevention, its incidence -which is an indicator of quality assistance 9 , especially in ICU, has been a persistent problem, and it is still necessary to be used as a research object [10][11][12] . is is because the incidence of PI is based on the measurement of new cases of the adverse event, that is, it is an epidemiological measure that may favor the (re)planning of care actions with a focus on the rational prevention of new injuries, according to a scienti cally situational diagnosis supported 9 .…”